The objective of this study was to define the learning curve required to attain satisfactory oncologic outcomes of cervical cancer patients who were undergoing open or minimally invasive surgery for radical hysterectomy, and to analyze the correlation between the learning curve and tumor size. Materials and Methods Cervical cancer patients (stage IA-IIA) who underwent open radical hysterectomy (n=280) or minimal invasive radical hysterectomy (n=282) were retrospectively reviewed. The learning curve was evaluated using cumulative sum of 5-year recurrence rates. Survival outcomes were analyzed based on the operation period ("learning period," P1, vs. "skilled period," P2), operation mode, and tumor size. Results The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates between open and minimally invasive groups were 91.8% and 89.0% (p=0.098) and 96.1% and 97.2% (p=0.944), respectively. The number of surgeries for learning period was 30 and 60 in open and minimally invasive group, respectively. P2 had better 5-year disease-free survival than P1 after adjusting for risk factors (hazard ratio, 0.392; 95% confidence interval, 0.210 to 0.734, p=0.003). All patients with tumors < 2 cm had similar 5-year disease-free survival regardless of operation mode or learning curve. Minimally invasive group presented lower survival rates than open group when tumors ≥2 cm in P2. Preoperative conization improved disease-free survival in patients with tumors ≥2 cm, especially in minimally invasive group. Conclusion Minimally invasive radical hysterectomy required more cases than open group to achieve CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT (CRT) 3 Korean Cancer Association This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. acceptable 5-year disease-free survival. When tumors ≥2 cm, the surgeon's proficiency affected survival outcomes in both groups.

Purpose Recurrence and chemoresistance (CR) are the leading causes of death in patients with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) of the ovary. The aim of this study was to identify genetic changes associated with CR mechanisms using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model and genetic sequencing. Materials and Methods To generate a CR HGSC PDX tumor, mice bearing subcutaneously implanted HGSC PDX tumors were treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin. We compared gene expression and mutations between chemosensitive (CS) and CR PDX tumors with whole exome and RNA sequencing and selected candidate genes. Correlations between candidate gene expression and clinicopathological variables were explored using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Human Protein Atlas (THPA). Results Three CR and four CS HGSC PDX tumor models were successfully established. RNA sequencing analysis of the PDX tumors revealed that 146 genes were significantly up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in the CR group compared with the CS group. Whole exome sequencing analysis showed 39 mutation sites were identified which only occurred in CR group. Differential expression of SAP25 , HLA-DPA1 , AKT3 , and PIK3R5 genes and mutation of TMEM205 and POLR2A may have important functions in the progression of ovarian cancer chemoresistance. According to TCGA data analysis, patients with high HLA-DPA1 expression were more resistant to initial chemotherapy (p=0.030; odds ratio, 1.845). Conclusion We successfully established CR ovarian cancer PDX mouse models. PDX-based genetic profiling study could be used to select some candidate genes that could be targeted to overcome chemoresistance of ovarian cancer.

No abstract

The liquid crystal (LCD) biosensor is a new research area of sensor technology, which integrates the modern biotechnology and advanced electronic sensing technology. The feasibility and the principle of the LCD biosensor were mainly introduced in this paper. The chitosan films exhibited cholesteric phase LCD texture which can be seen by using the polarizing microscope (POM), and there is a main endothermic peak and exothermic peak of chitosan LCD solution in the DSC heating curve and cooling curve respectively. Chitosan maybe will be used as a sensing material by using its LCD characteristics. The development prospects are predicted.

No abstract