The accurate segmentation of cervical cell images is one of the key steps of the cervical cancer computer-aided diagnosis system. For the problem of overlapping cell and boundary blurring in cervical cell clusters, the researchers propose a segmentation algorithm based on the nuclear radial boundary enhancement for overlapping cell of cervical cytology images. This method not only suppresses the noise of cervical cytology images but also preserves the contrast of overlapping cell boundary. The researchers generate the weight graph by the candidate contour points and contour line segment attributes and utilize the dynamic programming algorithm to find the shortest path in the weight graph. The shortest path corresponds to the coarse segmentation contour in the cell image. The level set model is used to finely segment the obtained coarse cell segmentation boundary, so as to obtain the final cervical cell boundary. Through the quantitative and qualitative evaluation results, such as dice similarity coefficient, true positive rate, and false positive rate, it can be seen that the overlapping cell segmentation algorithm in this paper has achieved better segmentation results. Compared with other current overlap cell segmentation algorithms, the segmentation results obtained in this paper have greater advantages.