With the acceleration of our country’s urbanization and the continuous enrichment of people’s material life, it is necessary to improve the construction of urban functions. Therefore, it should demolish and rebuild existing buildings to improve the original scattered, chaotic, and poor environment, resulting in a large amount of construction waste. At present, most of the construction waste has not undergone any treatment and is disposed of in open-air storage or landfill. This treatment method not only takes up a lot of arable land and construction funds, but also increases environmental pollution, causing increasingly unbearable pressure on the social environment. For this reason, it is essential to design a monitoring system for the harmless treatment of building waste from the perspective of a long-term life cycle. The purpose of this article is to study the harmless treatment of building waste and the real-time supervision of waste. In this paper, the field survey method and questionnaire survey method are used to investigate and respond to on-site construction waste. Experimental research results show that the design of the supervision system for the harmless treatment of building waste is supported by the state, society, enterprises and citizens. Among them, the treatment of concrete in the waste is the first place, because its proportion in the waste reaches 47.8%. In order to protect the environment and follow the path of sustainable development, it is imperative to treat wastes in a harmless manner.

Intensive waste pollution is one of the main causes of serious pollution in many important water sources, and waste disposal has become an urgent problem to be solved. Controlling intensive waste pollution and carrying out the resource utilization of organic waste is the main way to solve my country’s environmental pollution problems. This paper examines the possible impact of intensive waste on the environment, and analyses the main methods of waste treatment measures and resource utilization, their effects and existing problems. Studies have shown that the adoption of waste treatment measures supported by modern biotechnology and engineering technology, the comprehensive utilization of waste resources based on the production of organic fertilizers and biofuels, and the establishment of a virtuous cycle of ecosystems will help promote sustainable development, improve the ecological environment and human settlements.