RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência, o conhecimento e os fatores associados à incontinência urinária (IU) em mulheres estudantes de um curso de fisioterapia, bem como sua qualidade de vida. Foi aplicada uma ficha de avaliação, o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) e um questionário de conhecimento sobre a musculatura do assoalho pélvico (MAP) e a ocorrência de IU, baseado em estudo tipo conhecimento, atitude e prática (CAP). Das 248 estudantes do curso, 170 (69%) participaram do estudo. Pela ficha de avaliação, 111 (65%) relataram perda urinária. De acordo com o ICIQ-SF, 63 participantes (37%) são incontinentes, sendo que 41 (65%) dessas apresentam IU de esforço, apresentando pequena perda e com frequência de uma vez na semana ou menos, com baixo impacto na sua qualidade de vida. A maioria das participantes que relataram ter dor na relação sexual (59%) e alguns sintomas uroginecológicos e intestinais, como esforço ao urinar (92%), jato interrompido (75%), incômodo na região vaginal (73%), constipação (53%), esforço ao defecar (53%) e esvaziamento intestinal incompleto (70%), apresentou queixa de IU. Todas as que usam protetor (100%) e procuraram atendimento médico (100%) eram incontinentes. O uso de anticoncepcional foi maior em mulheres sem perda urinária (84%). O conhecimento sobre a MAP e a IU foi adquirido gradualmente com o avançar do curso. Esse resultado sugere que as mulheres que não cursam Fisioterapia não têm domínio do assunto, sendo necessário disseminar o conhecimento sobre a IU e a atuação da fisioterapia.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, knowledge, factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI), and quality of life in female students enrolled in a physical therapy undergraduate course. Students had to answer a form we developed, the International Questionnaire on Incontinence Consultation - Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and a knowledge questionnaire on pelvic floor musculature (PFM) and the occurrence of UI, based on a previous knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) study. Out of 248 students, 170 (69%) participated in our study. According to our evaluation form, 111 women (65%) reported urinary loss at some point in their lives. According to ICIQ-SF criteria, 63 (37%) women were incontinent, 41 (65%) suffered from strain urinary incontinence, showing small urinary losses once per week or less, which slightly impacted their quality of life. Most women who have pain during sexual intercourse (59%) and some urogynecological and intestinal symptom, such as straining (92%), intermittent urination (75%), nausea (73%), constipation (53%), excessive effort (53%), and incomplete outlet (70%) also suffered from UI. All women who used pads (100%) and sought medical care (100%) were incontinent. The use of contraceptive was higher among women without UI (84%). Participants built their knowledge on PFM and UI as the course progressed. These results suggest that women who attend undergraduate courses outside physical therapy have limited knowledge about the subject. We find it necessary to spread knowledge about UI and the importance of physical therapy to prevent and treat UI.
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