Every year a seasonable snow cover is formed in Russia. The accumulation of snow in urban areas creates the problem of clearing and storage of large amounts of snow. When the snow melts, the entire mass of contaminated substances together with the land runoff enters the surface water bodies. This is the issue of the day for the city of Ufa.The article deals with the problem of environmental pollution resulting from the storage of large amounts of snow masses scavenged from the territory of Ufa every year. The sampling technique was to mark out the sample area 10×10 size from which snow was collected using the envelope method. The snow collected at five points of the sampling area was used to form a composite sample. This sample was used to test for the presence of organic compounds of different classes, volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzapyrene, petroleum products, heavy metals, and inorganic anions. According to the results of the study of snow dumps in Ufa in the years 1998, 2011, 2013 and 2015 it was found that snow masses taken out from the territory of the city of Ufa and stored in unauthorized dumping grounds are characterized by the excess of almost all controlled substances. Snow dumps must be equipped with special treatment facilities, discharges from which to surface water bodies should be controlled.

Studying the ecological state of soil cover is essential due to its ecological functions in regulating many of the environment's components necessary for the population. The study aims to assess the ecological state and level of soil pollution of the city of Ufa's main functional zones. The study's relevance lies in the fact that Ufa is a large city with dynamically developing industrial production. Still, so far, there have been no systematic studies on the pollution of city soils. Heavy metals, mainly in a diffused state, can form local accumulations, where their concentration is hundreds and thousands of times higher than the average planetary levels. The soil acts as a powerful accumulator of heavy metals and the initial link in the migration of pollutants along the ground trophic chains. A method for studying the level of urban soil pollution presented in this study may be applied in large manufacturing cities.

A runoff is a multi-factor phenomenon being of great importance in the life of humans, animals and plants. Rivers are known to meet the needs of biota and economic activity in fresh water. A channel runoff represents constantly replenished resources of self-purification capacity. This makes it almost the only source that provides the needs of industry, agriculture as well as housing and public utility sector in water of the required quality. The ecological situation of the territory and the extent to which natural complexes are changed due to the increased technogenic processes resulting in the depletion of the channel runoff and transformation of its regime, depend on the state of water bodies.This paper presents the study of the runoff formation factors and the role of economic activities in changing the water volume of rivers. Statistical methods and data on human activities within river basins were used in establishing the starting point of changes in the hydrological characteristics and determining the degree of the runoff change. Rivers with disrupted runoff regime were identified; changes in annual and seasonal runoff were assessed. The role of hydraulic engineering construction and irrigation reclamation facilities in the dynamics of hydrologic processes as the main factors of changes in the water volume of river systems was grounded. The study results can be used in water management calculations to restore runoff values, in construction of economic facilities in catchments and riverbeds, as well as in adjustment of water management circuits for industrial enterprises and settlements.

Research of the runoff hydrological characteristics anthropogenic alterations in the Belaya River basin has been conducted with statistical methods. Assessment of the economic activities impact on the annual runoff value and assessment of the ponds’role in the within-year runoff redistribution has been carried out.