Tireotoxicose factícia causada pelo uso de suplementos alimentares e produtos naturais Factitious thyrotoxicosis caused by dietary supplements and herbals RESUMO Introdução: A supervalorização da imagem leva ao consumo excessivo de suplementos alimentares e produtos naturais, como polivitamínicos, fitoterápicos, ervas e substâncias usadas para emagrecimento. Este consumo pode levar a alterações no organismo, dentre eles a Tireotoxicose factícia. Objetivo: Descrever o que já foi publicado no meio científico sobre o real efeito dos suplementos alimentares no desenvolvimento de tireotoxicose exógena, bem como as consequências para o organismo. Metodologia: Revisão não sistemática da literatura, com base nos bancos de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e Cochrane, nas quais foram encontrados respectivamente 136, 109 e 4 artigos. Dos quais foram selecionados 14 de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Desenvolvimento: Foram encontrados diversos suplementos que continham hormônios tireoidianos ou iodo em excesso e verificou-se que estas substâncias não estavam contidas nos rótulos dos produtos, o que dificulta a fiscalização pela ANVISA e FDA. Os suplementos analisados possuíam extratos de gingko biloba, kelp, guggulu, humol e withamina somnífera relacionados ao aumento da função tireoidiana. O uso destes produtos pode levar a um quadro de tireotoxicose factícia, que cursa com taquicardia, irritabilidade, insônia, alterações cardiovasculares e hipertensão. Interações medicamentosas e efeitos nefrotóxicos, hematológicos e cardíacos também são relatados com o uso indiscriminado destas substâncias. Conclusão: A literatura demonstra que o uso dos suplementos causa alterações no organismo, como a tireotoxicose factícia e outros efeitos sistêmicos. Todavia, sãonecessários novos estudos comparando a relação de suplementação alimentar e tireotoxicose, além de uma fiscalização eficiente. ABSTRACT Introduction:Overvaluation of the image leads to excessive consumption of dietary supplements and natural products such as multivitamins, herbs and substances used for weight loss. This consumption can lead to changes in the body, among them factitious Thyrotoxicosis. Objective: The goal is to describe what has been published in the scientific community concerning the effects of dietary
Objectives: Pectoserratus plane block (PSPB) leads to lower postoperative pain intensity. We examined whether PSPB could also reduce the incidence of post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Methods: We performed an extension study of a randomized trial that compared PSPB versus control in women undergoing mastectomy. The primary outcome was any chronic pain at the surgical site or adjacent areas, defined as persistent/recurrent pain lasting ≥3 months. Secondary outcomes included neuropathic pain (score ≥4 in the Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire), use of analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs, pain intensity through the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and type, frequency, and location of the pain. Results: Of the 60 patients that completed the 24-hour follow-up (short-term trial), 53 (88%) completed the long-term follow-up (27 in the PSPB group and 26 in the placebo group). Six of 27 patients (22%) in the PSPB group and 17 of 26 patients (65%) in the placebo group reported any chronic pain (relative risk [RR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.16–0.73, P=0.005). The risk of neuropathic pain was also lower in the PSPB group than in the placebo group (18.5% vs. 54%, respectively; RR, 0.34; 95% CI=0.14–0.82, P=0.02). There were no differences regarding all other pain-related outcomes considering the patients who developed PMPS. Discussion: The results suggest that, in the long term, PSPB-treated participants were associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of PMPS than those who received standard general anesthesia. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03966326).
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