This study evaluated structural and molecular issues of dentin caries-like lesions produced by different artificial models (ACL) compared with natural caries lesions (NCL). One hundred twenty-four sound occlusal dentin blocks and 47 carious blocks were obtained and surface hardness was analyzed (SH1). They were assigned to groups according to ACL: GB: Biological; GC: Chemical; GIS: In situ; GNC: natural caries (control). Blocks from groups 1, 2 and 3 were submitted to caries lesion induction. NCL and ACL blocks were submitted to surface hardness (SH 2), FT-Raman and µEDXRF analysis. All blocks were longitudinally sectioned and one of the halves was submitted to cross-sectional hardness (CSH) and the other to SEM analysis. SH1and SH2 data were submitted to t test (unpaired and paired, respectively), CSH and SEM data to two-way and one-way ANOVA respectively, and Tukey and t tests, respectively (p<0.05). Data from FT-Raman/µEDXRF were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Dunnett multiple-comparisons test (a=0.05). GB and GNC showed lowest SH2 values that were significantly different from GC and GIS. Regarding CSH, GB and GNC showed no significant difference between them. SEM showed similar caries lesion depth for GB and GNC, being significantly higher than for GC and GIS. µEDXRF showed similar values of calcium and phosphate for GB and GNC; GNC values were significantly different from GIS. No significant difference was found among the groups concerning phosphate, carbonate and CH bonds values. For collagen type I, GC values were significantly different compared to other groups. It may be concluded that caries-like lesions produced by GB were the closest model to NCL.

The objective of this case report was to describe the oral rehabilitation of a five-year-old boy patient diagnosed with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in the primary dentition. AI is a group of hereditary disorders that affects the enamel structure. The patient was brought to the dental clinic complaining of tooth hypersensitivity during meals. The medical history and clinical examination were used to arrive at the diagnosis of AI. The treatment was oral rehabilitation of the primary molars with stainless steel crowns and resin-filled celluloid forms. The main objectives of the selected treatment were to enhance the esthetics, restore masticatory function, and eliminate the teeth sensitivity. The child was monitored in the pediatric dentistry clinic at four-month intervals until the mixed dentition stage. Treatment not only restored function and esthetic, but also showed a positive psychological impact and thereby improved perceived quality of life. The preventive, psychological, and curative measures of a young child with AI were successful. This result can encourage the clinicians to seek a cost-effective technique such as stainless steel crowns, and resin-filled celluloid forms to reestablish the oral functions and improve the child's psychosocial development.

ABSTRACT. Mesiodens are supernumerary teeth, commonly seen in the maxillary midline. Given their high frequency, dentist should be aware of the signs and symptoms of mesiodens and their appropriate treatment. This case report describes an 8-year-old girl with a radiographic image suggesting two unerupted mesiodens between the central incisors on the palate. The intraoral examination showed swelling in the anterior INTRODUCCIÓNLos dientes supernumerarios tienen una prevalencia que oscila entre el 0,3 y el 3,8%. 1 Es clasificado como una anomalía de número, caracterizada por la presencia de una o más piezas dentarias en exceso con respecto a la cantidad normal. Cuando la región afectada está ubicada en la línea media del paladar entre los dos incisivos centrales superiores es llamado mesiodens y este presenta una prevalencia de 0,15 a 1,9% en la población general. 2, 3, 4Aunque esta anomalía tiene una prevalencia significativa, su etiología no está definida. Hay tres teorías que tratan de explicar esta anomalía dental: dicotomía del germen dentario, hiperactividad de la lámina dentaria 5 y la combinación de factores genéticos y ambientales; 1, 6 esto puede ocurrir como un diente único, múltiple, unilateral o bilateral y también asociado con síndromes, como el síndrome de Down y la displasia cleidocraneal. 7, 8 Esta alteración es más común en hombres que en mujeres y es menos frecuente en la dentición primaria.Los dientes mesiodens son asintomáticos, se pueden descubrir durante un examen radiológico de rutina o por un aumento de volumen, y cuando entran en erupción en la cavidad oral.Sin embargo, en algunos puede traer una variedad de complicaciones, como retención, retraso en la erupción, erupción ectópica, diastemas, rotación axial y reabsorción radicular de los dientes adyacentes. 7, 9-11 También pueden causar apiñamiento y pueden asociarse con patologías, como quistes.12 Entre las complicaciones que afectan a los incisivos permanentes se encuentran las dilaceraciones de las raíces en desarrollo y la pérdida de la vitalidad. 13Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico precoz de los mesiodens es muy importante para evitar este tipo de complicaciones, utilizando exámenes clínicos y radiográficos para localizar la posición correcta y el planeamiento quirúrgico con el momento ideal para la intervención (inmediata o retardada).

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