This report provides a basis for future cross-cultural adaptations of POLST to other countries. The authors hope such new adaptations will broaden the possibilities of research using POLST and also may promote wider provision of care at the end of life that is consistent with patients' preferences.

BACKGROUNDBasal cell carcinoma is the malignant tumor most often diagnosed in the National Campaign for Skin Cancer Prevention (NCSCP). Little is known about the profile of these lesions compared to the profile of lesions diagnosed by conventional routes of public dermatological care.OBJECTIVETo identify if basal cell carcinomas identified in prevention campaigns and referred to surgery are smaller than those routinely removed in a same medical institution.METHODSCross-sectional study including tumors routed from 2011-2014 campaigns and 84 anatomopathological reports of outpatients.RESULTSThe campaigns identified 223 individuals with suspicious lesions among 2,531 examinations (9%), with 116 basal cell carcinomas removed. Anatomopathological examinations revealed that the primary lesions identified in the national campaigns were smaller than those referred to surgery by the conventional routes of public health care (28 [13-50] x 38 [20-113] mm2, p <0.01). On the other hand, after a mean follow-up of 15.6 ± 10.3 months, 31% of cases identified in campaigns showed new basal cell carcinoma lesions.STUDY LIMITATIONSRetrospective study and inaccuracies in the measurements of the lesions.CONCLUSIONSThe NCSCP promotes an earlier treatment of basal cell carcinomas compared to patients referred to surgery by the conventional routes of public health care, which can result in lower morbidity rates and better prognosis.

Moderate-quality evidence shows that less commonly-used modern methods such as epidrum, lidocaine and acoustic devices, are more efficacious compared to more commonly-used methods (i.e. air, saline, both) in terms of the loss of resistance technique for identification of the epidural space. These findings should be explored further in the context of the clinical practice among anaesthesiologists.

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar possíveis fatores de risco para a ocorrência de distúrbios respiratórios obstrutivos graves no pós-operatório imediato da adenotonsilectomia -AT. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, prospectivo e de caráter observacional, realizado em 2014. Participaram crianças em rotina cirúrgica de AT. A avaliação consistiu no questionário respondido pelos pais (dados pessoais e clínicos), avaliação clínica da criança (oroscopia) e o exame de polissonografia (antes e após a AT). Resultados: foram avaliadas 30 crianças com queixas de obstrução nasal (73,33%), respiração oral (96,66%) e ronco (100%). Na avaliação clínica, observou-se palato em ogiva (75,86%) e hipertrofia das tonsilas palatinas de grau 3 (62%). Antes da cirurgia, 40% da amostra foi diagnosticada com AOS grave, e, após a cirurgia, 10% apresentou AOS grave. Houve tendência para o grau da hipertrofia das tonsilas, tabagismo passivo, IVAS (infecções das vias aéreas superiores) e fácies adenoideana se correlacionarem com a AOS grave. Conclusão: a polissonografia demonstrou elevada frequência de AOS grave prévia à AT, além de elevada frequência de eventos respiratórios obstrutivos após a cirurgia com potencial para complicações respiratórias.

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