No abstract

Reuse of wastewater is a practice that has been employed all over the world, mainly in agriculture, where the main aim is to reduce the demand for water and provide nutrients. However, these waters for reuse often have excessive amounts of pathogenic microorganisms, requiring a specific disinfection step even after being subjected to a purification process. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the potential use of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite as disinfectant agents for the sanitary effluent of the treatment system based on constructed wetlands for later reuse. Disinfection tests were carried out in batch, using three dosages of hypochlorite (5, 10 and 15 mg.L À1 ) and different contact. In all disinfection tests, inactivation of indicator microorganisms (total coliforms and E. coli) was considered effective for the two disinfectant agents adopted, satisfying the criteria for reuse according to the World Health Organization (WHO). There was no formation of trihalomethanes after disinfection tests. Water Environ. Res., 90, 2100Res., 90, (2018.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade do uso da radiação ultravioleta (UV) como agente desinfetante de esgoto sanitário proveniente do tratamento biológico contendo concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais que variaram de 30 a 75 mg/L. Os ensaios de desinfecção foram realizados em um reator em escala de bancada de laboratório e a efetividade do processo foi avaliada empregando os microrganismos indicadores Coliformes Totais (CT) e Escherichia coli. Embora a baixa qualidade do efluente, no que se refere à presença de sólidos e turbidez, tenha limitado a eficiência do processo, os resultados da inativação de CT e E. coli variaram de valores menores que 1 log até 5 log de inativação com doses de radiação UV empregadas que variaram de 10,54 a 317,1 mWs.cm -2 , permitindo concluir sobre a viabilidade do uso desta tecnologia para desinfecção de efluentes secundários. Palavras-chave: Tratamento de esgoto. Desinfecção. Radiação UV. E. coli. Coliformes Totais.

No abstract

Decentralized sanitary wastewater treatment has become a viable and sustainable alternative, especially for developing countries and small communities. Besides, effluents may present variations in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total nitrogen values. This study describes the feasibility of using a pilot upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to treat wastewater with different organic loads (COD), using black water (BW) and sanitary wastewater, in addition to its potential for preserving nutrients for later recovery and/or reuse. The UASB reactor was operated continuously for 95 weeks, with a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. In Phase 1, the reactor treated simulated BW and achieved 77% CODtotal removal. In Phase 2, treating only sanitary wastewater, the CODtotal removal efficiency was 60%. Phase 3 treated simulated BW again, and CODtotal removal efficiency was somewhat higher than in Phase 1, reaching 81%. In Phase 3, the removal of pathogens was also evaluated: the efficiency was 1.96 log for Escherichia coli and 2.13 log for total coliforms. The UASB reactor was able to withstand large variations in the organic loading rate (0.09–1.49 kg COD m−3 d−1), in continuous operation mode, maintaining a stable organic matter removal.