He obtained his Ph.D. in 1993 at Uppsala University and was a postdoctoral fellow with Prof. Michael Gra ¨tzel (1993-1994) at EPFL, Switzerland. His research focuses on physical chemical characterization of mesoporous electrodes for different types of optoelectronic devices, specifically dye-sensitized solar cells. He has about 200 scientific publications and 8 patent applications. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (IVA), Stockholm, and a visiting professor at the

This recommendation proposes a definition for the term "halogen bond", which designates a specific subset of the inter-and intramolecular interactions involving a halogen atom in a molecular entity.

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