BackgroundMultiple epidemiological studies have shown that low testosterone levels are associated with and predict the future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome.The aim of our study was to show the influence of testosterone replacement therapy on obesity, HbA1c level, hypertension and dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus and androgen deficiency.MethodsOne hundred and twenty-five male patients with diabetes mellitus were screened; 85 subjects aged 41 to 65 years, with BMI from 27.0 to 48.0 kg/m2, were randomized in a placebo-controlled study. They also underwent a routine physical examination and selected by free testosterone examination. We divided patients into two groups: 1) treatment group, where we used diet, physical activity, patient’s antidiabetic therapy and testosterone replacement therapy; 2) placebo group, where we used diet, physical activity, patient’s antidiabetic therapy and placebo.ResultsAfter 6 months of treatment we repeated the diagnostic assessments: lipid profile was improved in both groups but in first group it was clinically significant. Free testosterone level increased in all groups, but in group I was clinically significant. HbA1c decreased in both groups, but in group I we obtained the best result. Leptin level after treatment was approximately the same in both groups. Also, blood pressure was reduced in both groups but results were similar.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that it is possible to break this metabolic vicious circle by raising testosterone levels in diabetic men with androgen deficiency. Re-instituting physiological levels of testosterone, as the study has shown, has an important role in reducing the prevalence of diabetic complications.

Background and aims: Thyroid disorders are the second commonly encountered disorders in endocrine clinics and are significant causes of medical morbidity and mortality. Thyroid disorders are widely recognized as an important public health problem; its prevalence has increased substantially in the recent decades. The relationship between Thyroid disorders and childhood are one of the longest running controversies in endocrinology. The objective of the study are screening of iodine deficiency and thyroid diseases in Georgian children.

Introduction: Maternal thyroid dysfunction has been associated with variety of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Due to many physiological changes during pregnancy, interpretation of thyroid function tests needs trimester-specific reference intervals for a specific population. Aim of this study was to determine the second trimester-specific reference interval for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in healthy pregnant Georgian women. Methods: 2876 pregnant women were admitted to Batumi Maternity House (BMH) from January 2009 to December 2011 for second trimester routine prenatal examination, including TSH screening. Standardized information regarding thyroidal, obstetric and general medical status of women was collected. The reference interval for TSH, based on 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles, was calculated from thyroid dysfunction risk free pregnant women. Results: Derived reference interval for TSH in the second trimester of pregnancy was 0.21-4.1 mIU/L and it was significantly different from the reference intervals recommended by American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the reference interval provided by manufacturer for non-pregnant adults. Conclusion: We calculated clinically relevant trimester-specific reference interval for TSH in order to facilitate detection and improve management of thyroid dysfunction in Georgian pregnant women.

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