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Natural wealth is generally considered as one of the fundamental sources of economic growth. However, a vast majority of the related empirical research verified that resource-rich countries tend to underperform their resource-deficient counterparts. This paradox is known as the resource curse. During the past two decades more sophisticated analyses have revealed that the presence of the curse is conditional and its growth effects are non-monotonic. Recent efforts concentrate on understanding the transmission channels and identifying the decisive conditions on the fulfillment of the curse. This article gives an overview on the progress and depicts the current state of the research.

Exchange rate fluctuations in a small open economy are closely related to political trust. Various political announcements exert significant influence on the exchange rate by affecting the expectations of economic actors. Due to information technology and social networks, these statements spread quicker and gain more publicity than ever before. In this paper, we present a dynamic model with adaptive expectations to describe the short and long-run effects of political announcements on the exchange rate. We found that relevant announcements cause significant fluctuations in the short-run but do not affect the long-term equilibrium exchange rate. Our results are also supported by case-studies from Hungary.

Water from an artesian well or spring is usually cold and free of organic contaminants, making it desirable for drinking. We examined the quality of the artesian wells in the city of Nagyecsed. Our aims was to examine the water samples in situ and to determine the status of the artesian water based on the measured data. We examined 9 artesian wells. At the sampling points the following parameters were determined by the MultiLine P4 portable equipment: pH, oxidation reduction potential, electrical conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen concentration, dissolved oxygen saturation. The in situ measurements provide a rapid and reliable method. We determined relevant water flow of wells. Our measurements in the spring, summer and autumn was repeated, the results were evaluated. As a result, it can be said that the wells are suitable based on the measured on situ parameters for human consumption.