Background Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy is associated with healthy gestational weight gain (GWG) and a reduced risk of developing gestational diabetes (GD), gestational hypertension (GHT) and fetal macrosomia. However, in Canada, less than 20% of pregnant women meet PA recommendations. This study assessed associations between an intervention including PA education by prenatal nurses and a PA prescription delivered by physicians and fetal and maternal outcomes. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study. Two groups of women who received their prenatal care at the obstetrics clinic of a university hospital were created. In the first group, 394 pregnant women followed at the clinic received standard care. In the second group, 422 women followed at the clinic received standard care supplemented with education on the relevance of PA during pregnancy and a prescription for PA. Data for both study groups were obtained from the medical records of the mothers and their newborns. Logistic regressions were used to compare the odds of developing excessive GWG, GD, GHT, and fetal macrosomia between the two study groups. Results The addition of PA education and PA prescription to prenatal care was associated with 29% lower odds of developing excessive GWG (adjusted odds ratios (OR) 0.71, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.51–0.99), 73% lower odds of developing GHT (0.27, 0.14–0.53), 44% lower odds of fetal macrosomia (> 4 kg) (0.56, 0.34–0.93), and 40% lower odds of being large for gestational age (0.60, 0.36–0.99). The intervention was not associated with a difference in odds of developing GD (0.48, 0.12–1.94). Conclusions The inclusion of education and prescription of PA as part of routine prenatal care was associated with improvements in maternal and fetal health outcomes, including significantly lower odds of GWG, GHT and macrosomia.
Les problèmes de mise en place de l’allaitement maternel (AM) sont communs et sont associés à un risque accru de cessation de l’AM. Les principaux motifs pour le sevrage au début de l’allaitement sont la fatigue de la mère et le comportement non optimal du nouveau-né au sein (CNOS). Le but de cette étude est de décrire le niveau de fatigue des femmes allaitantes ayant accouché à terme d’un bébé en santé en milieu hospitalier et le CNOS, et d’examiner la relation entre ces deux variables. Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive, corrélationnelle et transversale réalisée auprès de femmes allaitantes ayant donné naissance à un bébé singleton, en santé et né à terme au CHU de Moncton entre juin et septembre 2013. Les échelles Fatigue Continuum Form et Infant Breasfeeding Assesement Tool sont respectivement utilisées pour mesurer la fatigue et le CNOS. L’analyse de corrélation a été réalisée en utilisant le coefficient de Spearman (r). Les associations bivariées ont été explorées à l’aide du test de khi-carré (χ 2 ). Soixante-quatre couples mères-enfants ont été inclus pour cette étude. 64,1 % des mères ressentent une fatigue modérée. La fatigue maternelle était associée à la parité (p=0,003), au niveau d’éducation de la mère (p=0,043), au poids de naissance du bébé (p=0,035), au délai de la première mise au sein (p=0,001) et à la fréquence d’allaitement au J0 (p=0,037). La prévalence du CNOS était de 57,8 % au J0 et 25 % au J1. Il était associé à la fréquence d’allaitement inférieure à huit fois dans les 24 premières heures (J0 (p=0,001) et J1 (p=0,003)), à la primiparité (J1) (p=0,046), aux types de mamelons (J1) (p=0,010), à l’expérience antérieure d’allaitement (J1) (p=0,046), au peau à peau dans la salle d’accouchement (J1) (p=0,041) et au délai de la première mise au sein (J1) (p=0,027). Une corrélation significative a été constatée entre la fatigue maternelle et le CNOS J0 (r=0,196 ; p=0,029) et entre le CNOS à J0 et le CNOS à J1 (r=0,661 ; p<0.001). Une surveillance particulière des couples mères-enfants à risque est nécessaire afin de bénéficier d’un soutien supplémentaire lors de leur hospitalisation ainsi qu’un suivi après la sortie de l’hôpital.
Background: Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy is associated with healthy gestational weight gain (GWG) and a reduction in risk of developing gestational diabetes (GD), hypertension (GHT) and fetal macrosomia. However, less than 20% of pregnant women meet the PA recommendations in Canada. We tested the effects of PA education and a PA prescription by prenatal nurses and physicians on fetal and maternal outcomes.Methods: Administrative data from two periods with distinct prenatal care offering were used. In the first period, 394 pregnant women followed at the obstetrics clinic of a university hospital received standard care whereas 422 women followed in the second period received standard care supplemented with education on the relevance of PA during pregnancy and a prescription for PA. Logistic regressions were used to compare odds of excessive GWG, GD, GHT, and fetal macrosomia between the two study groups.Results: The addition of PA education and PA prescription to prenatal care was associated with a 29% reduction in odds of excessive GWG (adjusted OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.51-0.99), 73% reduction in odds of GHT (0.27, 0.14-0.53) and 44% reduction in odds of fetal macrosomia (0.56, 0.34-0.93). The intervention was not associated with different odds of GD (0.48, 0.12-1.94). Conclusions: The inclusion of education and prescription of PA as part of routine prenatal care can lead to significant improvements in maternal and fetal health outcomes.
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