This research examines readers’ perspective of 18 Indonesian national characters in Inem, a short story by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The sample of this research is 34 students of XI Akuntansi Keuangan dan Lembaga of SMKN 1 Pujon. The aim of this research is to analyze whether the students’ perceptions toward Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s short story, entitled Inem match to their understanding on 18 Indonesian national characters. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research. The finding of this research states each student has different perception of the Indonesian national characters in the Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s short story entitled Inem. However, most of the students have the same perceptions of the Indonesian national character in the short story entitled Inem. Their perception depends on how they understand the meaning of each of the 18 Indonesian national characters. Therefore, the researcher claims that the students’ perceptions toward Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s short story, entitled Inem match to their understanding on 18 Indonesian national characters.

The aim of this research was to find out the effectiveness of using Insert learning media to improve reading comprehension at eleventh Grade SMAN 1 Arosbaya. The method used quantitative which was experimental research design. In this research, the researcher chose 13 students as a sample. The result of this research that there was a significant difference in students' reading achievement on recount text before and after being taught using insert learning media, was confirmed. Since the level of significance of the different achievement was not more than 0,025, the different achievement between pre-test and post-test was significant. Meanwhile, the researcher tested the hypothesis by using t-test formula in which the result is 8,06. The total of the participants or the objects of this research was 13 students. Therefore, the degree of freedom is 12 taken by formula df = N – 1. Then, the t-table is 2,18. The score of t-table is higher than the score t-table. As a result, insert learning was an effective medium to improve students reading comprehension especially in recount text because this media can make students easier in comprehending the text.