The development of a disposable pH sensor for the point of care monitoring of wound pH is described. The system exploits the pH dependence of an endogenous biomarker (urate) to yield an unambiguous signal. The sensor responses have been characterised and the responses validated in whole blood.

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The interaction between 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and cysteine was found to give a clearly resolved voltammetric signature that could be used as an electrochemical assay for the thiol. A structure-function study assessed the nature of the resulting voltammetric profile and the highly selective response to cysteine. The translation of the system as the basis of an assay for the determination of cystine was investigated using mercaptopropanol as the in situ reducing agent. The lack of response to the latter and high recovery performance of the label opens up a new direction for the one pot, mercury free determination of cystine.

The electrochemical transformation of an insoluble quinone layer has been investigated as the basis of a smart material and its applicability for reagent delivery applications has been assessed. The quinone is shown to form a protective layer whose permeability and susceptibility toward dissolution can be modulated through the imposition of an appropriate electrochemical trigger.

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