ObjectiveReview the effectiveness of surgical and non‐surgical management strategies for isolated pars flaccida and combined pars tensa and flaccida tympanic membrane retractions in preventing progression or recurrence, improving hearing and preventing development of cholesteatoma.DesignNarrative review.SettingENT and otology services worldwide.ParticipantsPatients with non‐cholesteatoma tympanic membrane retractions.Main Ouctome measureChanges in retraction (progression or resolution, or development of a known sequela such as perforation).ResultsEight full text papers are included: three randomised controlled trials and five case series or cohort studies of more than five patients (a total of 238 ears). Data exists for the use of conservative management, ventilation tubes, laser tympanoplasty, cartilage and fascia tympanoplasty, lateral attic reconstruction as well as mastoid procedures.ConclusionFew high‐quality studies on the management of isolated and combined pars flaccida retractions exist. For isolated pars flaccida retractions deemed to require surgical intervention, this review suggests that lateral attic reconstruction and cartilage tympanoplasty carries least risk of recurrence.

High-pressure injection injuries of the hand are uncommon but are associated with significant morbidity and require urgent surgical intervention. We describe a case of high-pressure injection of cement into the digit of a male patient while using an airless spray gun. We outline the initial assessment and surgical intervention, patient counselling regarding definitive management, and long-term outcomes of his injury. We also discuss mechanisms of high-pressure injection injuries, reconstructive options, and present a review of outcomes in patients sustaining similar injuries.