The frequency of selective eating and nutritional deficiency was studied among 22 children with autism and an age matched typically developing control group. Children with autism ate fewer foods on average than typically developing children. (33.5 vs. 54.5 foods, P < .001) As compared to typical controls, children with autism had a higher average intake of magnesium, and lower average intake of protein, calcium, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. Selective eaters were significantly more likely than typical controls to be at risk for at least one serious nutrient deficiency (P < .001).

IMPORTANCE Child maltreatment, also referred to as child abuse and neglect, can result in lifelong negative consequences. OBJECTIVE To update the evidence on interventions provided in or referable from primary care to prevent child maltreatment for the US Preventive Services Task Force.

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