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A common approach to represent semantics on Semantic Web area is to use an ontology. However, there is an emerging approach that combines an ontology with its context definition. So, the misunderstanding can be avoided if the context is explicitly defined. The resulting structure is called contextual ontology. To process a contextual ontology at run time, it has to be expressed in a machine processable language. However, for the analysis and design phase of a Web domain, a more appropriate ontology modeling language is needed. To this aim, this chapter presents a metamodel for modeling explicit and formal contextual ontologies that assists Web domain designers in modeling contextual ontologies. Furthermore, the relationship between XML specifications and ontologies in order to add formal and explicit semantics to Web domain designs is analyzed.

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Nowadays, lot of human activities have been affected by the use of technology needed to change in order to adapted. Particularly, in education domain the changes that occurred were not enough to break the traditional schemas of teaching. In this way, more and more people claim for real remodeling. Mainly, one of the most important subject is the necessity to adapt the teaching process to the particular characteristics of students, in a king of personalized learning. This work presents a conceptual framework, which proposes learning path based-portfolio as a way to personalize education. This framework uses semantic technologies, logical rules and agents to determine the student learning level and based on that propose course of actions.