The present experiments determined whether the drug, CGS 21680, that facilitates activation of adenosine A receptors in the brain, would reduce repetitive and inflexible behaviors in the BTBR mouse model of idiopathic autism. CGS 21680 treatment in BTBR mice reduced repetitive and inflexible behaviors. In the control C57BL/6J (B6) mouse strain, CGS 21680 did not affect performance. These findings suggest that stimulation of brain adenosine A receptors may be a promising therapeutic strategy in ASD.

No abstract

Antecedentes: Los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) forman asociaciones simbióticas con la mayoría de las especies vegetales, por lo cual es importante conocer la riqueza, diversidad y funcionalidad de estas especies de HMA.Objetivo: Determinar la composición y abundancia de esporas de HMA asociados a la rizosfera de Agave cupreata en la época seca y de lluvia en regiones mezcaleras de Michoacán. Métodos: En dos épocas se muestreó suelo rizosférico de A. cupreata en ocho sitios; parte de los suelos de cada sitio se usó para la propagación de HMA. Las esporas de los HMA se identificaron taxonómicamente con base en su morfología, por sitio, época de muestreo y maceta de propagación.Resultados y conclusiones: Se encontraron 39 morfo-tipos de HMA. Las familias Glomeraceae y Acaulosporaceae registraron la mayor abundancia de morfo-tipos, 37 y 34%, respectivamente. Acaulospora scrobiculata, A. spinosa y Glomus deserticola se encontraron en todos los sitios de muestreo; Rhizophagus intraradices sólo se detectó en las macetas de propagación. El 29% de los morfo-tipos sólo se encontró en la época seca, el 16% en la época de lluvia y el 55% en ambas épocas de muestreo; en las macetas se propagaron sólo el38% de los morfo-tipos.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are benef icial symbionts of most terrestrial plants. This symbiosis brings benef its to both symbionts. The plant involved in the symbiosis is supplied with nutrients by the fungus that promotes plant growth, in exchange for energy for reproduction of the AMF. In this context, the effectiveness of multi-specif ic AMF inocula from the rhizosphere of Agave cupreata from Michoacán, Mexico, in promoting the growth of papaya plants was evaluated. An experiment was carried out in ten random blocks with eleven treatments: eight consortiums of AMF, a commercial biofertilizer based on AMF (EndoMic®), a reference strain (Claroideoglomus claroideum) and a control without AMF. One hundred days after establishing the experiment, we evaluated the variables plant height, stem diameter, dry biomass of foliage, root and total, foliar area, relative index of mycorrhizal dependence, mycorrhizal colonization and density of mycorrhizal spores. The data were analyzed through an analysis of variance and correlation. The results showed that two of the consortiums promoted plant growth eff iciently; the plants inoculated with the consortiums AD-MTu and CM-MT signif icantly increased (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05) dry biomass by 240 and 225%, respectively, relative to the control without AMF, while with the biofertilizer EndoMic® the increase for the same variable was only 12%. It is concluded that the use of consortiums of AMF promotes the growth of papaya and therefore could be used in nurseries or greenhouses.

Key message Woody Mimosa species, forming resource islands or not, affected the structure of mycorrhizal communities and increased soil fertility, being thus priority targets for conservation and reclamation of edaphic functions.