When promoting physical activity among individuals with schizophrenia, health care professionals who work in mental health settings should provide an individual approach, taking into account patient related and situational factors.

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Purpose: To develop and test the face and content validity of a scale that assesses an individual's adaptation and expression of hope to a life changing events, disease or trauma. Method: The Hope and Adaptation Scale was developed and tested across three stages. Stage 1 involved the use of a review of literature to conceptually map the tool. Stage 2 required exploratory investigations of the questionnaire by members of an expert panel. Stage 3 assessed the construct validity of the resulting scale. Results: Through the processes of Stage 1 and 2, the tool was developed and reduced to a 3-item scale that assessed a spectrum of hope-related responses and a spectrum of adaptation-related responses. Stage 3 identified fifteen independent health care professionals who assessed the scale. The content validity index of the resultant scale was 0.6 that was above the required level to be acceptable. The hope spectrum responses scored the highest content validity ratio (0.73). Discussion: The proposed scale appears to have face and content validity for application to a various number of events, disease or trauma experiences. Further testing of the scale is required for application in specific population groups.

Purpose: Understanding the enablers of and barriers to physical activity (PA) participation in people with fibromyalgia (PwF) is an essential first step to developing effective PA interventions. This systematic review examined correlates of PA across the socio-ecological model (i.e., intra-personal, inter-personal, environmental, and policy level) in PwF. Materials and methods: PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL were searched from inception until 12 July 2022. Keywords included "physical activity" or "exercise" and "fibromyalgia" or "fibrositis." Summary coding was used to quantify the PA correlates. Results: Out of 74 PA correlates retrieved from 39 articles (n ¼ 9426), co-morbid depression and higher pain intensity were found to be consistent (i.e., reported in four or more articles) barriers to PA in PwF, while higher self-efficacy and better endurance were found to be consistent enablers to PA. Despite the abundance of evidence for the PA benefits for PwF, we only found consistent evidence for PA correlates at the intrapersonal level. Conclusions: Health professionals should consider mental and physical health barriers when promoting PA in PwF. There remains a need to better understand social, environmental, and policy-related factors associated with PA participation in PwF � IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION � Co-morbid depression is a notable barrier to physical activity participation in people with fibromyalgia. � Experienced pain intensity should be considered as a barrier when promoting physical activity for people with fibromyalgia. � Rehabilitation professionals should facilitate self-efficacy in physical activity interventions for people with fibromyalgia. � Rehabilitation professionals should promote endurance when motivating people with fibromyalgia towards an active lifestyle.