No abstract

This article presents evidence of a global trend of autocratization. The most visible feature of democracyelectionsremains strong and is even improving in some places. Autocratization mainly affects non-electoral aspects of democracy such as media freedom, freedom of expression, and the rule of law, yet these in turn threaten to undermine the meaningfulness of elections. While the majority of the world's population lives under democratic rule, 2.5 billion people were subjected to autocratization in 2017. Last year, democratic qualities were in decline in 24 countries across the world, many of which are populous such as India and the United States. This article also presents evidence testifying that men and wealthy groups tend to have a strong hold on political power in countries where 86% of the world population reside. Further, we show that political exclusion based on socioeconomic status in particular is becoming increasingly severe. For instance, the wealthy have gained significantly more power in countries home to 1.9 billion of the world's population over the past decade.

No abstract

* This paper is the result of a collaborative effort and authors are therefore listed in alphabetic order. Nonetheless, Laura Maxwell and Matthew C. Wilson deserve special credits for doing most of the data analyses and writing.

The authors report an unusual presentation of a rare tumor in childhood, a pancreatic primitive neuroectodermal tumor invading the duodenum leading to anemia. A review of intra-abdominal primitive neuroectodermal tumors is discussed.