Lembeh Island is a small island part of the minicipality of Bitung, It is an area that supportincluding the category of small island, but it is an area that support community life in the mainland who mainly living as fishermen. Those fishermen generally made coral reef ecosystems as a location for fishing. This research is aimed to provide information such as ecological conditions and states of coral reef, that can be used appropriately in planning and decision making for the development of Lembeh Island waters, especially in the management of coral reef ecosystems. Intern of coral cover Lembeh island can be categorized in good condition and the state of coral reef management can be seen from the utilization activity that still good but tend to degrade over time. The implication, shows that the management and development of today tend to cause less sustainableto coral ecosystems. Keywords : Lembeh Island, coral reef, manajement, sustainability A B S T R A K Pulau Lembeh merupakan pulau di Kota Bitung, termasuk kategori pulau kecil, tetapi merupakan kawasan yang menunjang kehidupan masyarakat di daratan utama, Masyarakat Pulau Lembeh yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan, umumnya menjadikan ekosistem terumbu karang sebagai lokasi penangkapan ikan karang. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi berupa kondisi ekologi serta status pengelolaan ekosistem terumbu karang, sehingga dapat digunakan secara tepat dalam proses perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan guna pengembangan perairan Pulau Lembeh, khususnya dalam pengelolaan ekosistem terumbu karang di masa mendatang. Kondisi terumbu karang Pulau Lembeh berdasarkan tutupan karang batu dapat dikategorikan baik, dan status pengelolaan terumbu karang dilihat dari kegiatan pemanfataan saat ini masih baik tapi cenderung menurunkan kualitas kawasan. Implikasinya, memperlihatkan bahwa pengelolaan dan pembangunan saat ini cenderung ditata ke arah kurang berkelanjutan. ________________________________________________________________ Keywords : pulau lembeh, terumbu karang, pengelolaan, keberlanjutan _____________________ 1 Alumni Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan FPIK Unsrat 2Staf Pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi 3;Staf Pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi
This study was aimed to determine the number of species, number of individual, density, and the structure of community of Chaetodontidae. This research was conducted in the waters of Poopoh Village, Tombariri District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. Data collection was carried out at a depth of 5 meters with the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method with an observation area of 250 m2. Chaetodontidae have been found on the coral reefs of Poopoh Village, Tombariri District, consisting of 3 (three) genera, Chaetodon, Forcipiger, and Heniochus with 13 species and 51 number of individuals. The diversity of species in Poopoh is categorized as moderate. The highest density of coralivorous fish found in Chaetodon kleinii species is 360 individuals / Ha followed by Heniochus acuminatus which is 240 individuals / Ha. The diversity of Chaetodontidae in this location is high. This condition is also seen in the maximum index (Hmax) which is not far above the value of H '.Keywords: Coral reef, Chaetodontidae, Poopoh Village ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui jumlah spesies, kelimpahan individu, densitas, dan struktur komunitas ikan Chaetodontidae. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Desa Poopoh, Kecamatan Tombariri, Kabupaten Minahasa, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada kedalaman 5 meter dengan metode Underwater Visual Census (UVC) dengan luas areal pengamatan adalah 250 m2. Ikan karang Chaetodontidae telah ditemukan di terumbu karang Desa Poopoh, Kecamatan Tombariri, terdiri dari 3 (tiga) marga yaitu Chaetodon, Forcipiger, dan Heniochus dengan 13 spesies dan 51 individu. Keragaman spesies di Poopoh dikategorikan sedang. Densitas tertinggi ikan koralivora ditemukan pada jenis Chaetodon kleinii yaitu 360 individu/Ha diikuti Heniochus acuminatus yaitu 240 individu / Ha. Keanekaragaman spesies Chaetodontidae di lokasi ini tergolong tinggi. Kondisi ini terlihat juga pada indeks maksimum (Hmax) yang tidak berada jauh di atas nilai H ’.Kata Kunci: Terumbu karang, Chaetodontidae, Desa Poopoh, .
This research was conducted at the reef flat of south Putus-Putus Island, East Ratatotok, Ratatotok district, Southeast Minahasa Regency. The study aims to identify the distribution of P. verrucosa reefs in the reef flat area of Putus-Putus Island. This research is able to be utilized as an informations resource, and also able to contribute an effort in order to manage the coral reefs in the Ratatotok area in the near future. The sample is obtained with using simple random method, which collects the data randomly as the sample collecting system by drawing way or by using random number table. The random number table contains with some amount of numbers which is formed with coloumn and rows, and the drawing is done freely. There was three point of study site determined, and geographical location of every site was noted, the north and east latitude. In every point of the site was put quadrant with 10 x 10 m, where every quadrant is divided into 100 quadrants with 1 x 1 m sized. The every 1 x 1m quadrant was made grid with 10 x 10m (100 grids for every quadrant). The percentage of the reef’s cover at the first station is (0,28%), the second station (1,4%). and the third station (1,41%). Based on the study’s result, the highest reef’s cover percentage is in the third station (1,41%) which is located further from the strait, whereas the lowest reef’s cover percentage is in the first station (0,28%) located near the strait. The distribution scheme of P.verrucosa from the three stations are grouping (Id> 1). There is no noticeable diffrences from the three location for the cover percentage, the diameter and the distribution scheme. The ANOVA test showed that the amount of the colony : Hhit (1.25) < Ftah (3.10) the H0 was accepted, where there was no noticeable differences from the amount of the colony in the three stations. The diameter : Fhit (1.40) < Ftab (3.10) means H0 accepted, and there was no noticeable differences in the diameters. The percentage of the cover : where Fhit (0.71) < Ftab (3.10 ) means H0 accepted, and there was no noticeable differences in the diameters of the three stations. Keyword : Distribution, Coral P. verrucosa Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di pantai selatan Pulau Putus-Putus Desa Ratatotok Timur Kecamatan Ratatotok Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui distribusi karang P.verrucosa di rataan terumbu Pulau Putus-Putus. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui distribusi karang P.verrucosa di rataan terumbu Pulau Putus-Putus. Manfaat penelitian yaitu dapat menjadi sumber informasi dan mampu memberikan kontribusi bagi upaya pengelolaan terumbu karang di wilayah Ratatotok di masa yang akan datang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan acak sederhana. Pengambilan acak sederhana merupakan sistem pengambilan sampel secara acak dengan menggunakan undian atau tabel angka random Tabel angka random merupakan tabel yang dibuat dan berisi angka-angka yang terdiri dari kolom dan baris, dan cara pemilihannya dilakukan secara bebas. Pada lokasi penelitian ditentukan 3 titik pengambilan data, yang setiap titik dicatat posisi geografisnya, (lintang utara dan bujur timur). Pada setiap titik akan diletakan kuadran berukuran 10 x 10m, di mana pada masing masing kuadran tersebut dibagi menjadi 100 kuadran berukuran 1 x 1m. Pada setiap kuadran 1 x 1m dibuat grid berukuran 10 x 10 cm ( terdapat 100 grid setiap kuadran ). Persentase tutupan karang P. verrucosa Pada stasiun pertama (0,28 %), Stasiun kedua (1,4%), dan Stasiun ketiga (1,41%). Berdasarkan dari hasil yang di dapat bahwa persentasi tutupan karang tertinggi pada stasiun ke tiga yang jauh dari selat (1,41 %) sedangkan tutupan terendah yaitu stasiun pertama dekat dengan selat (0,28 %). Pola distribusi karang P. verrucosa pada ketiga stasiun adalah mengelompok (Id> 1). Pada ketiga stasiun ini tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata dalam hal Persentase tutupan, diameter dan pola distribusi. Dari uji ANOVA Jumlah koloni: dimana Fhit (1.25) < Ftab (3.10) artinya Ho diterima, bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nyata jumlah koloni pada ketiga stasiun tersebut. Jumlah Diameter: dimana Fhit (1) < Ftab (3.10) artinya Ho diterima, bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nyata dalam hal jumlah diameter. Jumlah Persentase tutupan: dimana Fhit (1.17) < Ftab (3.10 ) artinya Ho diterima,bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nyata jumlah diameter pada ketiga stasiun tersebut.
A comprehensive research effort was directed to increase the ecological role of Putus-Putus island coral reefs. This study was an implementation of artificial reef technology as fish colonization locality. The artificial reefs were made of 20x20x100 cm-concrete blocks placed in 6 levels and located at the depth of 8-10 m. Reef fish observations were done three times in two locations. Environmental parameters, such as temperature, salinity and visibility, were also measured. Environmental parameters (temperature, salinity a. Water temperature (29.65oC and 29.64oC) supported the coral growth as well. Salinity distribution was not significantly different among the study sites. This study also found 37 reef fish species belonging to 18 families. Number of species varied with observed time and localities. Total number of individuals increased with number of fish species. Mean number of individuals and species of reef fish in locality B were higher than those in locality A. Moreover, the reef fish colonization rate in the study site followed the model y = 4.3801e0.5249x with R2= 0.9297 in the strait and y = 5.0397e0.5493x with R2= 0.9297 for the Bay. Keywords: Artificial reefs, reef fish. Abstrak Suatu upaya penelitian yang komprehensif diarahkan untuk peningkatan fungsi ekologi terumbu karang Pulau Putus-Putus. Penelitian ini berupa penerapan teknologi terumbu buatan sebagai tempat hunian ikan. Terumbu buatan terbuat dari balok cor beton berukuran 20x20x100 cm bersusun 6 dan ditempatkan pada kedalaman 8-10 m. Pengamatan ikan karang dilakukan 3 kali di 2 lokasi berbeda. Parameter lingkungan, seperti suhu, salinitas, dan kecerahan, juga diukur. Hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh (29,65 oC dan 29,64 oC) termasuk suhu yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan karang. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan 37 spesies yang masuk dalam 18 famili ikan karang. Jumlah spesies yang ditemukan bervariasi pada setiap waktu dan lokasi pengamatan. Pengambilan spesies ikan karang dilakukan pada 2 lokasi dengan masing-masing lokasi dilakukan 3 kali pengambilan sampel. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh (tabel 03) dapat dilihat bahwa jumlah individu bertambah seiring dengan banyaknya jumlah spesies ikan karang yang didapat. Rata-rata jumlah individu dan jumlah spesies ikan karang pada lokasi B lebih banyak. Laju hunian ikan karang di lokasi penelitian mengikuti model y = 4.3801e0.5249x dengan R2= 0,9297 untuk lokasi Selat dan y = 5.0397e0.5493x dengan R2= 0,9297 untuk lokasi Teluk. Kata kunci : Terumbu buatan, ikan karang
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