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Plutonium-238 oxide ( 238 PuO 2 ) is used in the fabrication of general purpose heat sources (GPHS) or light-weight radioisotope heater units (LWRHUs). The heat sources supply the thermal energy used in radioisotope thermoelectric generators to power spacecraft for deep space missions and to heat critical components in the cold environs of space. Los Alamos National Laboratory has manufactured heat sources for approximately two decades. The aqueous purification of 238 PuO 2 is required, due to rigorous total Pu-content, actinide and non-actinide metal impurity, and neutron emission rate specifications. The 238 PuO 2 aqueous purification process is a new capability at Los Alamos National Laboratory as previously, aqueous purified 238 PuO 2 occurred at other DOE complexes. The Pu-content and actinide and non-actinide metal impurity specifications are met well within specification in the Los Alamos process, though reduction in neutron emission rates have been challenging. High neutron emission rates are typically attributed to fluoride content in the oxide. The alpha decay from 238 Pu results in α,n reactions with light elements such as 17 O, 18 O, and 19 F resulting in high neutron emission rates in the purified 238 PuO 2 . Simple 16 O-exchange takes care of the high NER due to 17 O, and 18 O. A new method to reduce the NER due to 19 F in the purified 238 PuO 2 is presented in this paper. The method involves addition of water to purified 238 PuO 2 , followed by heating to remove the water and liberating fluoride as HF.

Introduction:There are only two medical practitioners who are genuinely generalists. The confirmed generalist is the one who has been trained and credentialed to perform prenatal care, deliver babies and perform c-sections, take care of young children, perform simple surgeries, perform palliative care, and hold a patient's hand and hug the family after the death of a loved one. In the human world, that medical provider is a family practice physician. In the animal world, that provider is the veterinarian, who cares for all species that are not human and covers their medical needs, from preventive care to surgical needs, dentistry to dermatology, internal medicine to cardiology. As such, veterinarians are indeed generalist medical providers. In disasters, veterinarians are often pushed aside by their human medical counterparts. In doing so, there are a lot of learning opportunities missed on both sides.Method:A literature review was conducted.Results:n/aConclusion:In learning the skills that are unique and overlapping, physicians and veterinarians will be better able to respond to disasters anywhere and will be positioned to help the displaced and injured get better so they may return to normalcy as quickly as possible. It is time that disaster teams and planning sessions stop being siloed and think about how medical generalists can team up and work together.