Congenital uterine anomalies occur due to abnormal fusion of mullerian duct during embryonic life. It is associated with high incidences of reproductive failures and adverse obstetrical outcomes. It may be associated with malpresentation, preterm labour, or recurrent pregnancy losses. Authors report a case series of 7 patients which were admitted in obstetrics and gynaecology department of SP medical college and associated group of hospitals between time period of March 2019 to July 2019. Among 7 cases 6 cases were associated with malpresentation, 1 with abortion, and 1 with preterm labour. This series shows that uterine anomalies are associated with different obstetrical outcomes varying from totally uneventful antenatal and postnatal period to abortion or preterm labour. Prenatal diagnosis of uterine anomaly may help in improving the obstetrical outcome in these patients.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia complicates about 10% of pregnancies worldwide. Preeclampsia is one of the major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the National Health Portal of India, the incidence of preeclampsia is reported to be about 8-10% among pregnant women. The present study was aimed to compare mean serum calcium levels in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women at third trimester of gestation and assess relationship between maternal serum calcium levels, severity of disease and overall maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted on 200 females divided into two groups (i.e. Study and Control Group) from 1st November 2019 to 31st October 2020. Informed consent was obtained for subjecting. Detailed history and clinical examination were performed. Serum calcium level was measured in both groups by spectrophotometric method.Results: Mean serum calcium level in study group (preeclamptic) was 7.84+0.74mg/dl while in control group (normotensive) mean serum calcium level was 9.68+0.97mg/dl. Serum calcium level was significantly lower in preeclamptic women than normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001).Serum calcium showed significant negative correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: This study concludes that hypocalcaemia may have a role in aetiology of preeclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Thus intake of calcium supplements may help in reduction of incidence of preeclampsia especially in a population of a developing country.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common and devastating condition affecting women of all ages. Among all patients attending gynecology outpatient department clinic, more than one-third patients are related to AUB, and this proportion rises to 70% in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal age. The condition has a high reported prevalence rate of 17.9% in India. Aims and Objective: To compare endometrial sampling histopathology by Pipelle curette versus Karman cannula in patients with AUB at a tertiary care hospital in Northwest Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study conducted on 100 female patients of all age groups attending the department of obstetrics and gynecology over a period of 1 year with clinical diagnosis of AUB. After detailed history, examination, and relevant investigations, each patient was subjected first to endometrial aspiration using Pipelle curette followed by endometrial aspiration using Karman cannula No. 4. Samples collected were sent for histopathological assessment and the results were compared. Results: In our study, in 84% of cases, samples obtained by both Pipelle curette and Karman cannula were adequate. In 5% of cases, samples were inadequate by both methods. In 10% of cases, Karman cannula sample was adequate, but Pipelle curette sample was inadequate. In 1% of cases, sample could not be obtained by both procedures due to stenosed nulliparous cervix with large fibroid obstructing cervical os. Considering Karman cannula as the standard, Pipelle curette endometrial sampling demonstrated 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and accuracy with regard to diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia. For secretory endometrium, the corresponding values were 76.5%, 100%, 100%, 95.4%, and 99%, respectively. With regard to proliferative endometrium, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 92%, 96%, 98.6%, 80%, and 93%, respectively. With regard to atrophic endometrium, specificity, NPV, and accuracy were 100%, 99%, and 99%, respectively. Pipelle curette had a concordance rate of 87.5% with hysterectomy specimen, while Karman cannula had a concordance rate of 100%. Conclusion: Both Pipelle curette and Karman cannula endometrial aspiration biopsy are easy to perform, efficient, and safe outpatient endometrial sampling procedure in recognizing the endometrial lesions including malignancy and endometrial hyperplasia; however, Karman cannula had more adequate sample than Pipelle curette.