Prevalência de Tracoma em crianças em idade escolar no município de Turmalina, MG RESUMOO tracoma, tido equivocadamente como erradicado em nosso meio, encontra-se na lista de doenças negligenciadas. Trata-se da maior causa de cegueira evitável do mundo, sendo encontrado predominantemente nos países subdesenvolvidos. Diversos trabalhos têm demonstrado que esta doença atualmente se faz presente em todas as regiões do Brasil, o que evidencia que tanto o governo (nas esferas federal, estadual e municipal), quanto a academia devem continuar a considerar o tracoma entre as causas de cegueira em nosso meio. Neste trabalho, procurou-se levantar a prevalência de tracoma entre as crianças de sete a quinze anos matriculadas nas escolas da rede pública do município de Turmalina, MG. A pesquisa foi realizada neste município, situado no Vale do Jequitinhonha, considerando que existem nele regiões com populações em situação de alta vulnerabilidade social, portanto com características propícias para o surgimento da doença. Participaram da pesquisa seis médicos e onze enfermeiros com atuação na atenção primária, capacitados e padronizados para tal.

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Trachoma is considered a neglected disease. It is the major cause of preventable infectious blindness, being found mainly in underdeveloped countries. Several studies have shown that this disease is present in all Brazilian regions, which is evidence that the government and academy must continue to consider Trachoma among the blindness causes in our country. The need for greater qualification and training of health professionals for a better service to Unique Health System users has led to different alternatives being tried to achieve this goal. Several experiences have been implemented in our midst, with successful results, which highlights this methodology's importance. In this context, the present study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a permanent educational strategy named Clinical Skills Training (CST) in the detection of this disease. The research was performed in the city of Turmalina/MG, situated in the Jequitinhonha Valley, considering that in the municipality there are regions with populations at increased social vulnerability, therefore with favorable characteristics for the onset of the disease. Four physicians and eight nurses from the Family Health Strategy (FHS) along with three nurses from the health management department participated in the present research. Initially, a situational diagnosis was made aiming to evaluate the Turmalina FHS professional’s knowledge level regarding Trachoma through the application of a questionnaire on this theme. Following, a training module (TM) with theoretical exposition and clinical cases discussions was performed. Next, a Clinical Skills Training was performed, where scholars from 7 to 15 years old were evaluated under the supervision and orientation of a researcher ophthalmologist physician. Finally, the professionals answered one more time a questionnaire with questions regarding Trachoma. The data were collected and analyzed in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences, IBM Inc., USA – SPSS, version 20.0. To verify the difference between the scores obtained by the participants in the pre and post-training tests, an unpaired T-test was applied. A significance level of 95% (p<0.05) was adopted. Therefore, when the number of correct answers in the pre and post-training tests was compared, the second was significantly higher than the first applied. In conclusion, the training had a positive impact on the professional’s knowledge, contributing to a greater ability for the diagnosis or diagnostic suspicion of Trachoma. Additionally, it is possible to conclude that permanent education is an important tool to improve the professional’s performance.

RESUMO Considerado como a principal causa infecciosa de cegueira no mundo, o tracoma tem como agente etiológico a bactériaChlamydia trachomatis e manifesta-se como uma inflamação crônica, gerando alterações cicatriciais que podem culminar com a cegueira. Esta doença está intimamente relacionada às más condições socioeconômicas e de saneamento da população. Embora relatos indiquem que seja uma doença conhecida há milênios, esta pode ser ABSTRACTConsidered the leading infectious cause of blindness in the world , trachoma is the etiologic agent the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and it is manifested as a chronic inflammation , causing scarring changes that may lead to blindness. This disease is closely related to poor socioeconomic conditions and sanitation of the population. Although reports indicate that it is a disease known for millennia, it can be considered as globally neglected, as evidenced by the low investment in research aimed at improvements in both the diagnosis and the treatment. We conducted a survey on 05.10.2014 in the references bases : Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online -MEDLINE ( PubMed ) , Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences ( LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online ( SciELO ) , which were surveyed studies published from January/2004 to December/2013 .The words were typed separately : Trachoma , Glaucoma and Cataract and then became the analysis of the data. We considered all studies published in the period.