In the traditional medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy consumption is traded for throughput and delay. However, in future WSNs, throughput and delay performance had better not be sacrificed for energy conservation. Here first, an incompletely cooperative game-theoretic heuristic-based constraint optimisation framework is introduced to achieve the goals of throughput, delay and energy conservation simultaneously. Then a simplified game-theoretic MAC (G-MAC) protocol is presented, which can be easily implemented in WSNs. Simulation results show that compared with two typical MAC protocols for WSNs, sensor MAC and timeout MAC, G-MAC can increase system throughput, and decrease delay and packet-loss-rate, while maintaining relatively low energy consumption.

In WSNs, energy conservation is the primary goal, while throughput and delay are less important. This re-sults in a tradeoff between performance (e.g., throughput, delay, jitter, and packet-loss-rate) and energy con-sumption. In this paper, the problem of energy-efficient MAC protocols in WSNs is modeled as a game-theoretic constraint optimization with multiple objectives. After introducing incompletely cooperative game theory, based on the estimated game state (e.g., the number of competing nodes), each node independ-ently implements the optimal equilibrium strategy under the given constraints (e.g., the used energy and QoS requirements). Moreover, a simplified game-theoretic constraint optimization scheme (G-ConOpt) is pre-sented in this paper, which is easy to be implemented in current WSNs. Simulation results show that G-ConOpt can increase system performance while still maintaining reasonable energy consumption

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