A poluição ambiental e atmosférica decorre de uma junção de fatores, como o crescimento e as concentrações populacionais e industriais. As caldeiras são equipamentos destinados à produção de vapor sob pressão superior à atmosférica, que utiliza a biomassa como fonte geradora de energia, emitindo uma quantidade significativa de contaminantes atmosféricos. Sabendo que o maior impacto ambiental produzido pelas caldeiras é a emissão de gases, materiais particulados e a geração de hidrocarbonetos, objetivou-se quantificar a variação de emissão de gases poluentes (CO2, CO, O2), eficiência de queima e geração de cinzas em função da umidade do combustível na empresa Adami S/A. O estudo foi realizado in loco em uma caldeira aquatubular, onde se analisou a emissão dos gases durante a queima da biomassa (Cavaco de Pinus sp.) com 52%, 40%, 30% e 25% de umidade. A partir das análises identificou-se que alta emissão de gás contaminante se dá devido principalmente pela umidade do combustível entre outros fatores. Apesar de as emissões que foram medidas na caldeira da empresa Adami S/A estarem todas dentro dos parâmetros legais, deve-se tentar reduzir a quantidade de monóxido de carbono emitido, devido ao seu impacto no meio ambiente. Assim, esse trabalho visa apresentar a interação da umidade da biomassa de Pinus sp. com a emissão de gases poluentes, pois são poucos os estudos relacionando a queima de biomassa com a emissão de gases. A B S T R A C TEnvironmental and atmospheric pollution stems from a combination of factors such as population and industrial growth and concentrations. Boilers are equipment for the production of steam under pressure above atmospheric, which uses biomass as a steam source, emitting a significant amount of atmospheric contaminants. Knowing that the greatest environmental impact produced by the boilers is the emission of gases, particulates and the generation of hydrocarbons, the objective was to quantify the emission of pollutant gases (CO2, CO, O2), burning efficiency and ash generation in Function of the fuel in the company Adami S/A. The study was carried out in loco in an aquatubular boiler, where the emission of the gases during the burning of the biomass (Cavaco de Pinus sp.) with 52%, 40%, 30% and 25% of humidity was analyzed. From the analyzes it was identified that high emission of contaminating gas is mainly due to the humidity of the fuel among other factors. Although the emissions that were measured in the boiler of the Adami S/A company are all within the legal parameters, one should try to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide emitted due to its impact on the environment. Thus, this work aims to present the interaction of the biomass moisture of Pinus sp. with the emission of pollutant gases, since few studies relate the burning of biomass with the emission of gases. Keywords: boiler. biomass. air pollution. gaseous pollutants. air quality.
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