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Various causes can be responsible for tooth loss. In general, caries, periodontal disease, facial trauma, pathology of the jaws, among other causes, could lead to the loss of a tooth or a group of teeth. As a consequence, the stimuli that participate in bone maintenance are compromised and bone reduction occurs gradually, making it difficult to use conventional prostheses. Fortunately, technological advances applied to dental implantology have allowed us to perform full-arch prosthetic treatments, managing to rehabilitate the form, function, esthetics and lost self-esteem in patients with severe atrophy of the jaws. The objective of this chapter is to describe the key and current aspects in full-arch rehabilitation with dental implants.

Cancer leaves important consequences in the shape, function and esthetics of the patient, especially when it is cancer of the oral cavity or upper aero-digestive tract. Although reconstruction with local and microvascular flaps is sometimes a viable option, maxillofacial rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants is a well-reported treatment alternative with a high success rate. The main advantages in this modality of rehabilitation are the decrease in biological and economic costs, simplifying the management of these defects by reducing surgical intervention, hospitalization time, postoperative morbidity and treatment time. There are several classification systems; however, there is no classification system that has accurately described the maxillofacial defect under a surgical, prosthetic and reconstructive approach with osseointegrated implants. The purpose of this study is to guide professionals in decision-making for maxillofacial rehabilitation using osseointegrated implants located in the anatomical buttresses of the maxillofacial region.