LETTER TO THE EDITOR Dear Editor, Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in developed countries, with a five-year survival rate of 81%. 1,2 Prognostic factors include the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, depth of myometrial invasion (MI), lymph node involvement, cervical stromal involvement, and histological grade. Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (THBSO), pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection is the standard staging procedure for endometrial cancer. 3 Decision on adjuvant therapy for endometrial carcinomas is based upon clinicopathologic factors such as FIGO stage and tumour grade. 4 Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been reported to have high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of deep MI. [5][6][7] We sought to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of pelvic mpMRI in determining MI and the adjunctive value that it may add to high-grade carcinoma detected on endometrial biopsy ("high-grade endometrial biopsy") in identifying high-risk patients (deep MI or ≥ Stage 1B disease).We reviewed consecutive cases of all primary endometrial cancers on the database at the National Cancer Centre Singapore over a 5-year period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. The inclusion criteria were: patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic primary endometrial carcinomas, preoperative pelvic mpMRI, THBSO performed with curative intent, pathological review, and management plan discussed at the Gynaecologic Oncology tumour board. Cases with synchronous tumours or insufficient data were excluded.Our MRI protocol included anatomical T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences, combined with functional diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrastenhanced (DCE) imaging. The depth of MI was measured on MRI and then dichotomised as <50% or ≥50%.All pathological specimens were reviewed by 2 gynaecologic pathologists. The microscopic depth of MI in millimetres (mm) in relation to the total thickness of the myometrium was classified as <50% or ≥50% without reference to MRI findings.A total of 171 cases were analysed. There were 72 (42.1%) cases classified as FIGO Stage ≥1B. The majority (152/171, 88.9%) were of the endometrioid
Chordoma is a rare midline malignant tumor arising from embryonic remnants of the primitive notochord. The base of the skull is the second most common site of disease after the sacrococcygeal region. Intracranial chordoma constitutes about 30-35% of chordoma cases. Metastasis from chordoma is uncommon but if occurs, it tends to spread to the lungs. Cerebrospinal fluid seeding or drop metastasis is very rare. Here we describe a case of a clival chordoma with drop metastases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.