Abstract. In this paper, the design and implementation of a vibration fault detection cyber-physical system (VFDCPS) is presented. Vibration fault detection is increasingly used in track vibration, bridge vibration and other related fields. However, current research reveals some problems such as low accuracy of fault detection, few effective in-depth calculation of vibration data and fault test methods. Cyber-Physical systems (CPSs) are integrations of computation, networking, and physical processes. From the CPSs point of view, VFDCPS consists of three layers: the monitoring and control layer (MCL), the network layer and the device layer. The MCL deals with real-time monitoring and the precise control of the system. In the network layer, the CANopen network of field device can communicate with the Ethernet of VFDCPS for system's expandability and reliability. The device layer copes with collected data by using fast Fourier transform (FFT), lowpass filter, etc., which greatly improves the system's accuracy and the ability of massive computing. This paper also proposes a fault detection algorithm with vibration data called Spider which quantifies the criteria of fault evaluation. It is shown by test data that our approaches and improvements in design make VFDCPS more accurate and reliable in real-time vibration fault detection.