BackgroundThe 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a commonly used screening instrument for measuring mental disorders. However, few studies have measured the mental health of Chinese professionals or explored the factor structure of the GHQ-12 through investigations of young Chinese civil servants.MethodThis study analyses the factor structure of the GHQ-12 on young Chinese civil servants. Respondents include 1051 participants from six cities in eastern China. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is used to identify the potential factor structure of the GHQ-12. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) models of previous studies are referred to for model fitting.ResultsThe results indicate the GHQ-12 has very good reliability and validity. All ten CFA models are well fitted with the actual data.ConclusionAll the ten models are feasible and fit the data equally well. The Chinese version of the GHQ-12 is suitable for professional groups and can serve as a screening tool to detect anxiety and psychiatric disorders.

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By retrieving literature published from 2005 to 2015 from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Vip, PubMed, and Web of Science, we filtered out studies using the Children's Depression Inventory only and compared left-behind children and non-left-behind children. The methodological quality of the papers was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Finally, we included six studies to carry out a meta-analysis. The results showed that the Children's Depression Inventory scores of left-behind children are significantly higher than those of non-left-behind children (standardized mean difference: -0.233, 95% confidence interval: -0.036 to -0.430, p < 0.05).

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