The aim of this study was to determine the resistance mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium. We retrospectively analyzed the drug resistance of P.a isolated at the First Affi liated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Drug-resistant P.a strains were constructed, then wild-type (WT) and drug-resistant (DR) strains were compared using protein and gene microarrays to determine differences between DR and WT strains. The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa

Background Food-borne parasitic diseases decrease food safety and threaten public health. The snail species is an intermediate host for numerous human parasitic trematodes. Orientogalba ollula has been reported as intermediate hosts of many zoonotic trematodes. Here, we investigated the prevalence of zoonotic trematodes within O. ollula in Guangxi, China, and assessed their zoonotic potential. Methods Snails were collected from 54 sites in 9 cities throughout Guangxi. The snail and trematode larvae species were determined by combining morphological characteristics and molecular markers. The trematodes prevalence and constituent ratio were calculated and compared among different habitat environments. Phylogenetic trees of the trematode species were constructed using the neighbor-joining method with nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences. The developmental cycles of the isolated trematodes were examined by experimental infection in ducks. The developmental characteristics of Echinostoma revolutum was recorded by dissecting infected ducklings from 1-day post infection (dpi) to 10 dpi. Results The overall prevalence of trematode larvae was 22.1% (1818/8238) in O. ollula from 11 sample sites. Morphological together with molecular identification, showed that E. revolutum, Australapatemon sp., Hypoderaeum conoideum, Pharyngostomum cordatum, and Echinostoma sp. parasitized O. ollula, with the highest infection rate of E. revolutum (13.0%). However, no Fasciola larvae were detected. The trematodes prevalence and constituent ratio varied in two sub-biotypes (P < 0.01). A neighbor-joining tree analysis of ITS2 sequences resulted in distinct monophyletic clades supported by sequences from isolated larvae with high bootstrap values. Ducklings exposed to O. ollula infected with Echinostoma sp., E. revolutum, and H. conoideum larvae were successfully infected. The animal model for Echinostoma revolutum was successfully established. E. revolutum matured from larvae to adult at 10 dpi in the intestine of the duck, and the developmental characteristics of E. revolutum were characterized by the maturation of the reproductive and digestive organs at 6–8 dpi. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence of zoonotic trematodes in O. ollula from Guangxi, China. Existing trematodes infection in animals and human clinical cases, coupled with the wide geographical distribution of O. ollula, necessitate further evaluations of the potential risk of spillover of zoonotic infection from animal to human and vice versa. Graphical Abstract

The completely decomposed granite formation features looseness, low strength, poor self-stability and high disintegration exposed to water. It can easily cause geological disasters such as water inrush and mud gush during tunnel construction and seducing secondary disasters especially in the strongly disturbed regions. The specific full-section curtain grouting is proposed to deal with the strongly disturbed and completely decomposed granite formation. The meticulous exploration which combined the geological exploration holes and transient electromagnetic is adopted to detect the hydrogeology conditions and the main water supply channel in the strongly disturbed region. Based on the control principles of grouting amount and pressure as well as the selecting principles of grouting material, we applies the multistage casing segregation technique to reinforce the strongly disturbed region. This achievement performed well in the treatment of water inrush and mud gush in the construction of Junchang tunnel in Guangxi province, and realized safe excavation of the right tunnel which is located in the strongly disturbed region. Also it can provide model significance to the similar constructions.

In this paper，the basic situation of Guangxi luocheng Kama reservoir and the potential dangers are introduced firstly, and then，different models often used to estimate the loss of life in dam failure at home and abroad are introduced and analysed.Based on the above, a suitable model for national actual situation is chosen to predict the loss due to this reservoir dam breach，and the severity according to the calculation result of assuming Kama reservoir dam-break is assessed. Finally, the relevant departments’s measures of rescuing and evacuating downstream masses etc. at danger in 2009 are proved to be correct，necessary and timely.