Objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases in the pediatric population at global level. Present study aims to assess the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on the NAFLD in children and adolescents. Methods This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2018–2019. Study was carried out in NAFLD participants (5–15 years). They were randomly assigned to receive either 50 mg/kg/day l-carnitine twice a day or identical placebo per day for three months. Liver enzymes and liver ultrasonography were assessed before and after the intervention. Both groups received similar consultation for lifestyle changes. Results Overall, 55 participants completed the study, 30 patients in the l-carnitine group and 25 patients in placebo group. Mean changes of anthropometric measurements did not have significant differences between groups (p>0.05). No significant differences in the mean changes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p=0.82) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p=0.76) levels were documented between two groups. Based on within-group analysis, there were significant changes in AST and ALT levels before and after the intervention in both groups. The sonographic grades of fatty liver were not significantly different between two groups before (p=0.94) and after intervention (p=0.93). Conclusions In the present clinical trial, L-carnitine did not have significant effect on improving biochemical and sonographic markers of NAFLD in children and adolescents. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the applicability and efficacy of long-term l-carnitine supplementation to treatment of NAFLD in pediatric population. Trial registration IRCT20170628034786N2.

Background:Neurocognitive deficits and decrease in intelligence quotient (IQ) is one of the complication of prophylactic central nervous system (CNS) treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In this study, we compare the IQ in survivors of ALL that were treated with different prophylactic CNS treatments.Materials and Methods:We compared 43 long-term survivors of ALL: 21 survivors with intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX) as CNS prophylaxis, 22 with IT MTX+1800-2400 rads cranial irradiation and 20 healthy controls. The IQ was measured using the Raven's test in these patients.Results:Raven's test revealed significant differences in IQ between the survivors of ALL that were treated with IT MTX, IT MTX plus cranial irradiation and control group. There was no significant difference in the IQ with respect to sex, age and irradiation dose.Conclusion:We can that reveal that CNS prophylaxis treatment, especially the combined treatment, is associated with IQ score decline in ALL survivors. Therefore,a baseline and an annual assessment of their educational progress are suggested.