BACKGROUND: Prevention of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires a modifying effect on the pathological processes inducing the β-cell dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: the comprehensive study of the violation of rheological parameters in patients with different stages of diabetes and identification of possible links between these alterations with the intensity of the oxidative stress in the patient’s body. METHODS: 60 patients with IR, prediabetes, T2DM and healthy volunteers were included. Full range of the rheological parameters of the patients’ blood - the indicators of erythrocytes aggregation index (EAI), the relative deformability of the erythrocytes membranes (ERDI), blood plasma viscosity (BPV), and oxidative stress intensity (OSI) were examined. RESULTS: In patients with insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes, and T2DM the ERDI was statistically significantly lower and BPV - higher compared to control; a significant increase in EAI was detected in the patient group with prediabetes and T2DM compared to the control. CONCLUSION: The level of rheological disorders in patients increases with the increase of the level of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and intensity of oxidative stress and reaches a maximum during manifested diabetes. Diagnosis of hemorheological disorders and OSI in T2DM can serve as an early marker of target organ damage possibility.

To prevent T2DM and its chronic complications early diagnostic of carbohydrates metabolism disorders is necessary. We investigated the erythrocytes membrane proteins in groups of patients with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and T2DM.Blood was obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with T2DM, prediabetes, and IR. Band 3 protein (B3p) content in isolated erythrocyte membranes was determined with the analytical electrophoresis method. АNOVA was used for the comparative analysis of the data.In patients with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism the expression of B3p (90-100kDa) was reduced in comparison to the control level and appeared as the oligomerized form of B3p (180kDa).Therefore, it seems that in the process of modification of erythrocyte membranes of patients with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism participate both, hyperglycemia and oxidative stress conditions associated with diabetes.