ABSTRAKAnak dengan disabilitas intelektual (DI) merupakan kelompok anak yang memiliki keterbatasan intelektual, kemampuan adaptif, kemampuan sosial dan kemampuan berakti tas (praktis). Pelatihan menggosok gigi dengan pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) merupakan salah satu strategi yang menitik beratkan kondisi dan motivasi masing-masing siswa didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pen garuh pelatihan cara menggosok gigi melalui pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) terhadap status kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Metode penelitian ini yaitu kuasi eksperimental dengan desain subyek tunggal (single subyek design). Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu 3 orang (R1, R2, R3) diambil sesuai kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi. Meskin (1972). Analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan setelah dilakukan pelatihan menggosok gigi selama 6 minggu didapatkan adanya penurunan skor plak yang rendah. Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut ke-3 responden didapatkan R1 dan R2 pada kategori sedang, sedangkan R3 pada kategori buruk. Pelatihan cara menggosok gigi menggunakan pendekatan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Martens and Meskin (1972). The data analysis used descriptive analysis. The result of the study showed there was after training on tooth brushing for 6 month is decrease plaque score. Oral hygiene status for 3 repondent is R1 and R2 in medium category, R3 in bad category. Training on method of tooth brushing using IEP approach affected increase of oral hygiene status. Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut diukur menggunakan indeks PHP-M (Patient Hygiene Performance-Modi ed) dari Martens dan Kata kunci: disabilitas intelektual, Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI), status kebersihan gigi dan mulut ABSTRACT: Effect of training on tooth brushing using Individual Educational Programme (IEP) approach to increase of oral hygiene status in children of moderate intellectual disability (ID). Children with Intellectual Disability (ID) have limited abilities (social, adaptive and practical) and limited intellect. Teaching these children to brush their teeth using the Individualized Educational Programme (IEP) approach is a strategy which focuses on the condition and motivation of each student. The purpose of this research was to understand how tuition in the techniques of toothbrushing by IEP in uences oral hygiene in medium level ID students. This research method is to master the experiment by single subject design. The respondents in this research were 3 people (R1, R2, R3) taken according to the predetermined criteria. Data collection method used was by observation. Oral hygiene was measured using the PHP-M (Patient Hygiene Performance-Modi ed) index from

Intellectual disability is a group of children with impaired intellectual function below an average of 70 or lower. This group experienced problems in terms of self-development skills such as tooth brushing. Tooth brushing is an activity the mechanical removal of from food scraps, germs and plaque. Growing and developing independence of children with intellectual disability was influenced by the role of parents. Parents who have a role as basic of children behavior was contributed to process child growth. This study aims to determine the relationship of parental role to the tooth brushing skill in intellectual disability children.This research method is analytic survey and used cross sectional design. Sampling technique using total sampling. The population in this research is intellectual disability children in SLB Pamardi Putra Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta as many as 30 people. The role of parent was measured using questionnaire and tooth brushing skills measured using check list (from Special Care Advocates in Dentistry (SAID) guidelines, 1995). Data analysis using Spearman correlation with significance level (0,05). The result of this research is p = 0.185 (> 0.05), it shows that there is no significant correlation between parent role to oral and brushing skills in intellectual disability children in SLB Pamardi Putra Banguntapan Yogyakarta.

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Dental caries is the major dental and oral health problems in Indonesia and world wide. Alteration in the saliva acidity level (pH) in the oral environment plays an important role in dental caries. Red betel leaf (piper crocatum) is a herbal plant that commonly found in Indonesia. Red betel leaf contains alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and essential oil which have antibackterial activities. Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the acidity change (pH) of saliva in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2 after gargling of 10% boiled red betel leaves.Methods : the subjects of this study were 30 persons who divided randomly into two groups i.e treatment group and control group. Each group consisted of 15 persons. In the treatment group, the subjects gargled using 10% boiled red betel leaves, while in the control group the subject gargled using aquades. The saliva was collected on each time treated and followed by pH measuring. The data analysis was conducted by Independent t-test statistic (p≤0,05).Results : the results showed that there was an effect of increasing salivary acidity (pH) of saliva after gargling boiled of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion : The change of acidity level (pH) of saliva was increased significantly at 5th to 15th minute from 5.33 to 6.67 after gargling boiled red betel leaves concentration of 10%. The acidity level range stated above indicates a normal. Key words : pH of saliva, red betel leaves, elderly, diabetes mellitus type 2