Síntese de materiais poliméricos contendo moléculas bioativas e materiais de fontes renováveis via catálise enzimática Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto deO objetivo deste trabalho é sintetizar materiais provenientes de fonte de matéria prima renovável e de fácil degradação, através de sínteses enzimáticas, evitando assim o uso de catalisadores metálicos tóxicos. Além disso, pretendeu-se agregar moléculas biologicamente ativas, de forma que os produtos finais possam exibir propriedades farmacológicas. As substâncias bioativas selecionadas para este trabalho foram: pantenol, ácido azeláico, ácido cítrico, e pantolactona.Destas moléculas, foram sintetizados 8 materiais poliméricos: poli(azelato de pantenila), poli(adipato de pantenila), poli(adipato de isosorbila-co-pantenila), poli(azelato de isosorbila), poli(adipato-co-azelato de isosorbila), poli(citrato de isosorbila), poli(adipato de isosorbila-co-citrato) e oligômero de polipantolactona.Todos os materiais foram sintetizados utilizando a enzima Candida antarctica fração B (CAL-B) como catalisador, em solvente orgânico, utilizando peneira molecular para remoção do subproduto da reação. As caracterizações foram feitas através de RMN-1 H, MALDI-ToF e GPC. Since the invention of the first synthetic polymer by John Wesley in 1868, the use of this class of materials has continuously grown. Currently, there is a great interest in adding nobler attributes to these materials, such as their use in biological devices, quality of rapid degradation and, more recently, the preference for those made from renewable feedstock, reducing the environmental impact generated by the use oil and derivatives. PalavrasThe objective of this work is to create materials of renewable material origin and easy degradation, using enzymatic catalysis thus avoiding the use of toxic metal catalysts. Furthermore, we intended to add biologically active molecules, so that the final products may exhibit pharmacological properties. The bioactive substances selected for this study were: panthenol, azelaic acid, citric acid, and pantolactone.From these molecules eight different polymeric materials were synthesized:poly(pantenyl azelate), poly(pantenyl adipate), poly(isosorbyl-co-pantenyl adipate), poly(isosorbyl azelate), poly(isosorbyl adipate-co-azelate) poly(isosorbyl citrate), poly(isosorbyl adipate-co-citrate) and oligomer of polypantolactone. All materials were synthesized using the enzyme Candida antarctica fraction B (CAL-B) as catalyst in organic solvent using molecular sieves to remove the byproduct of the reaction. The characterizations were made by 1H NMR, MALDI-ToF and SEC.Keywords: Panthenol, azelaic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, pantolactone, glycerol, isosorbide, CAL-B drug delivery. A busca por materiais biodegradáveis pode também provir de matéria derivada de fontes renováveis, como a biomassa, excelente na substituição do combustível fóssil devido a sua disponibilidade inesgotável e diminuição do impacto ambiental devido ao "sequestro de carbono". Lista de Abreviaturas e S...
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