There is little data in the literature concerning dermatologic admissions.
Several diseases are seasonal in incidence and clinical worsening. We performed
a survey of hospitalizations in the dermatology ward of a public hospital
(April/2007 to May/2017). There were 1790 hospitalizations, whose main diagnoses
were infectious dermatoses, neoplasias, psoriasis, bullous diseases and
cutaneous ulcers. In winter, there were fewer hospitalizations for bacterial
infections and urticaria, but more for leprosy. In summer, there were fewer
hospitalizations for systemic and subcutaneous mycoses, but more for
zoodermatoses and erythema multiforme. In the fall, more patients were admitted
with mycoses. Spring favored urticaria and angioedema, but less cases of
erythema multiforme and diabetic foot.
Objective
This systematic review evaluated the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in men with obesity having low testosterone levels (LTLs).
Design and methods
Search strategies were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and CENTRAL databases. Two reviewers selected the studies, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data from the included studies. A random-effects model was used to pool results across studies, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence.
Results
A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included. With moderate certainty of the evidence, no difference was found between TRT and placebo regarding total adverse events, TRT led to a 2-kg lean body mass gain and slightly improved low-density lipoprotein (LDL), without effects on the blood pressure. Due to imprecision/heterogeneity, effects in cardiovascular events (relative risk: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.26 to 1.05, 7 trials, 583 participants), high-density lipoprotein, hematocrit, prostate-specific antigen, HbA1c, and quality of life were unclear. TRT was effective for waist circumference and BMI; however, large between-study heterogeneity was found, with 95% prediction intervals crossing the null effect line. Meta-regression revealed that the average age of participants was a significant modifier for both outcomes.
Conclusion
TRT slightly improved the lean body mass and LDL in men with obesity having LTLs but did not affect the blood pressure. The effects of TRT on cardiovascular events, HbA1c, and quality of life are unclear. The mean age of participants significantly modified the effect of TRT on weight loss.
Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) tem prevalência crescente no mundo e já existe maior proporção de pacientes com essa doença necessitando de cuidados paliativos (CP) em relação a outras patologias, como o câncer. Apesar disso, há uma iniquidade na oferta e no reconhecimento da necessidade de CP nos indivíduos com IC. A identificação das competências necessárias para o médico que ofertará esse cuidado é essencial para a melhoria da atenção prestada a esses pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar, por meio de revisão da literatura, as competências requeridas aos médicos da atenção primária para oferecer cuidados paliativos aos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. Métodos: Foi utilizado o acrônimo SPIDER para a construção da pergunta e, com base nela, buscou-se identificar as competências necessárias para médicos da atenção primária à saúde na atuação em CP na IC. As bases buscadas foram United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), usando descritores e suas variações registradas, guiados pela pergunta. Nos estudos primários relevantes localizados pela estratégia de busca também se procurou por mais estudos elegíveis nos artigos citados. Resultados: De 127 estudos encontrados, oito foram selecionados para extração de dados e avaliados pela metodologia de síntese temática. A competência mais prevalente nos trabalhos selecionados foi a de ofertar CP ao paciente com IC em estágio avançado. Outras competências apontadas foram coordenar o cuidado e ofertar cuidado multidisciplinar ao paciente com IC. Conclusão: Esta revisão revelou conhecimentos e habilidades requeridos na formação do médico da APS para atingir as principais competências na promoção dos CP ao paciente com IC.
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