No abstract

RESUMO -Passifl ora caerulea L. apresenta potencial para exploração, mas não é produzida para fi ns comerciais no Brasil e não existem estudos que defi nam métodos de produção de mudas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a possibilidade de propagação de P. caerulea por estaquia com uso de concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB). Estacas foram imersas por um minuto em solução hidroalcoólica de AIB (0, 250, 500, 750 e 1500 mg L -1 ). Após 60 dias, as estacas foram avaliadas quanto ao comprimento das raízes, altura da parte aérea, massa fresca e seca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão. O enraizamento foi superior a 50% das estacas, mesmo sem o uso de AIB. O porcentual de estacas mortas aumentou na medida em que aumentou a concentração da auxina, indicando possível toxicidade aos tecidos. Portanto, o uso de auxina não é indicado para a propagação da espécie por estaquia.Palavras-chave: estaquia, fi torreguladores, fi totoxicidade, maracujá, propagação ABSTRACT -Propagation of Passifl ora caerulea L. through striking. Passifl ora caerulea L. has potential for exploration, but is not produced for commercial purposes in Brazil. There is also a lack of studies defi ning production methods of saplings. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of propagation of P. caerulea through striking, by using indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations. The cuttings were immersed for one minute in an IBA water-alcohol solution (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1500 mg L -1 ). After 60 days, the cuttings were assessed to measure root length, height of the aerial portion, as well as fresh and dry masses. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance and regression. The rooting was greater than 50% of the cuttings, even without the usage of IBA. The percentage of dead cuttings increased as auxin concentration increased, indicating potential tissue toxicity. Thus, auxin is not recommended for propagation of this species through striking.

The ‘Cambona 4’ yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. - Aquifoliaceae) stands out for the high productivity and soft taste of the raw material obtained. The seedlings come from the controlled crosses of a female and a male plant. In order to guarantee the planting of even more uniform and productive herbs, the cutting is an alternative of propagation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the rooting capacity of apical and subapical cuttings of six ‘Cambona 4’ clones (C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 and C13) in two seasons, in january (summer/autumn) and april (autumn/winter) treated with 2.000 mg/kg of IBA in the form of talc. The cuttings were standardized with 10 cm, keeping a pair of leaves cut in half. The cutting was done in an agricultural greenhouse, with irrigation by intermittent nebulization, the cuttings were placed to rooting in plastic tubes containing carbonized rice husk. After 120 days, it was verified that the cutting season influenced the response of each clone, but for most clones rooting was higher when performed in summer/autumn, with better rates varying between 78.2% to 90.6% (C8, C9, C11 and C13), while in autumn/winter it was from 59.4% to 75.0% (C7, C10, C11 and C13). In the summer/autumn cutting period, subapical cuttings showed greater survival and rooting than the apical ones, but they didn’t differ when performed in autumn/winter. Leaf retention positively influenced the survival.

Brazil has one of the greatest diversities in native fruit trees, but many species, despite the great environmental and economic potential for small farms, are little studied, such as the cherry-of-the-rio-grande (Eugenia involucrata DC.). The hypothesis of this research was that there is a high genetic diversity due to the propagation by seeds, occurring genotypes that produce better quality fruits which can be used to implement genetic improvement programs and the production of seedlings with better productive performance. So, this study aimed to characterize fruits of this species' genotypes and to evaluate the genetic divergence applying multivariate analysis techniques. Genotypes of different ages found in rural and urban areas of the municipality of Serafina Corrêa, Rio Grande do Sul, were evaluated, with 50 genotypes in 2018 and 38 genotypes in 2019, since twelve did not bear fruit. Data were submitted to determine the mean and standard deviation. To assess genetic diversity, the relative contribution of characters was determined by the Singh method; the average Euclidean distance standardized matrix (UPGMA) and dendrograms were generated; and Tocher's optimization method was applied. Results showed that UPGMA and Tocher clustering methods are more efficient in representing the diversity between genotypes. Fruits characteristics varied from one year to another, due to the combination of biotic and abiotic factors (water regime), resulting in changes of characters with greater contribution in the divergence and formation of similar groups. The content of total soluble solids (TSS) in 2018 and fruit mass in 2019 harvest were characters that most contributed to the genetic divergence. It was concluded that the physicochemical characters of fruits revealed the existence of genetic divergence among genotypes, allowing the selection of agronomically superior plants.