Invasion by non-native species is one of the major threats to the conservation of biodiversity and to the provision of ecosystem services by protected areas. Invasive species often co-occur in protected areas, represented by sparse, isolated individuals or populations in different stages in the process of invasion. Species invasiveness, habitat invasibility and impact also differ between ecosystems, so the risk of invasion varies. Besides, prioritization is required due to constraints on time, financial and other resources. Priority-setting is therefore key to help protected area managers invest efforts on biological invasions that offer the best chances of producing large-scale positive results at the lowest cost possible. A priority-setting scheme for the control of invasive non-native species in natural areas is presented in this paper. The scheme, based on field observations of species occurrences, was applied to the Itatiaia National Park (Brazil). Priorities are calculated from a combination of three criteria attributed to each occurrence: species risk of invasion considering local ecosystems, invasion stage, and species frequency. Data collected in the field in the Itatiaia National Park were used to calculate priorities for 50 non-native species (six animals and 44 plants) in four locations in the Park. The highest priorities were attributed to species of high risk in an early stage of invasion occurring in one site, whereas a few widespread species of low risk were given lower priority. The scheme has proven functional for setting priorities for the control of non-native species in the Itatiaia National Park and in many other protected areas in Brazil.

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The ubiquity of the Internet and its technology and the increasing aging of the world’s population are ever more evident. Older users have different demands and capabilities when using the services offered in the digital environment. As a service provider to its population, the government has sought to optimize the provision of services and access to information through information and communication technology. Older adults are a relevant group of users of public services and have significant demands in some specific public services. To identify questions about the factors that promote the use, perception and barriers to the older population regarding the use of the Internet and government websites, this study was inspired by a study carried out in the United Kingdom to identify these factors. The study reports on a survey with 143 participants recruited from different geographical regions of the countryside of Brazil. The research showed that although government websites are strongly inclined to offer quality content and maintain the satisfaction of older adult users, there is still a more significant number of users who, due to low technology skills, do not use these sites or the Internet. Older citizens also had high Internet penetration and mobile device use. Lower computer literacy in the countryside of Brazil was related to factors such as gender, education level, race and sociocultural factors. A partial comparison with a study in the United Kingdom showed a lag in the use of e-government services by older adults in the countryside of Brazil.

Interaction design patterns have evolved as a resource that facilitates documentation and the reuse of proven solutions. They provide a structured and understandable mechanism for what to do in the design. Mobile devices have characteristics, configurations, and restrictions that make the construction of their interfaces full of particularities to this environment, and problems that are often common to designers and developers. This study presented a systematic mapping of the state-of-the-art regarding interaction design patterns for mobile devices. A total of 23 studies that include articles and books met the selection criteria in this mapping, examining relevant scientific databases and books that were cited in relevant articles. As a main result, 336 patterns were compiled, with 261 of these problems and solutions being dissimilar from each other. The paper describes patterns in 18 categories covering different interaction aspects. Pattern structural elements with mentions in more than five papers included: Name, Solution, Problem, Context, Examples, Related Patterns, Forces, Consequences and Figure. Four studies reported empirical evaluation of the patterns with a limited number of users. The paper contributed with a categorization of existing patterns and the challenges for uniformization of structure and empirical evidence with user evaluation.