The aim of this paper is to review the incidence and characteristics found in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) occurring in patients with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The incidence of patients with traumatic SCI admitted to our unit from January 1984 to February 1996 was 2% (15 out of 893). They were all men with a mean age of 56 years. Most frequently the etiology of the lesion was a motor vehicle accident and the injury was mainly due to a hyperextension mechanism. Acute spinal fracture occurred in 13 patients, all involving the cervical region. No fracture was observed in two patients with thoracic neurological level. Three patients presented with an interval free period of neurological symptoms in whom a spinal epidural hematoma was visualized with magnetic resonance imaging. On admission eight patients were diagnosed as having complete SCI and the other seven an incomplete SCI. In the acute phase, respiratory complications were most frequent, causing six patients to die. Treatment was conservative in 14 patients. Multidisciplinary management of these patients should be implemented in an institution equipped with both a Spinal Injury Unit and an Intensive Care Unit.
We present a case of traumatic espondylolisthesis L5 S1 A0 53 B3.3 ASIA B in a young patient after a high energy car accident. This entity is a rare injury that requires immediate attention. Treatment should be prompt in order to provide the best prognosis since this is an unstable and severe lesion that presents with neurological deficit in half of the patients. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have shown to be extremely valuable for the diagnosis and are mandatory for this kind of injuries. In this case it is noteworthy that the intervertebral disk was intact. It is reported that if surgery is performed 24 to 48 hours after the accident, the improvement of neurological deficit is very feasible. In this case posterolateral fusion with autologous bone graft and multiplanar transpedicular posterior instrumentation and decompression were performed 52 hours after the accident. The patient presents one year after surgery with improvement in movement and sphincter control and with radiographic evidence of a complete fusion.
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