No abstract

No abstract

The technological progress of mobile devices, the low cost of this device and the facility of use are increasing the usability of mobile devices. Since these devices provide access to network, its owner has access to almost limitless amount of data and can store more information than in his personal computer (like phone call record, list of contact and calendar). A point of attention is that these devices have some resources that, if misused, can be dangerous to the owner. The major number of existing mobile devices Operational System does not allow the owner to manage how the installed application installed is using hardware device and personal information. In this paper we will present a mechanism to transfer the control of access permission to the owner's device with personalized roles. The idea behind the mechanism is to provide to the device owner a way to control the access permission by installed applications providing flexibility to personalize the application privacy. Since the platform does not allow the user to change the application permission after it is installed, Android was chosen to develop the proof of concept of the mechanism because it is an open source mobile operational system. The results show that the mechanism will allow Android user to improve his device privacy and control how it is used since the roles of access for each application can be personalized. The mechanism will also provide a way for enterprises to build an application to manage the employee's device privacy.

Thin-walled drip tapes with continuous labyrinth have been used for irrigation of vegetables and other short-cycle crops, especially due to their low cost. The continuous labyrinths welded into the pipe inner wall affect the head loss along such emitting pipes. In addition, the flow cross section of thin-walled pipes may change due to the effects of the operating pressure, which also has consequences for the head loss. The objective of this work was to investigate experimentally the friction factor and the head loss on thin-walled drip tapes with continuous labyrinths operated under various pressures. Two models of commercial thin-walled drip tapes with continuous labyrinths were evaluated. Nonperforated samples were used to determine the head-loss equations. The equations were adjusted as a function of flow rate and pressure head at the pipe inlet. Alternatively, the diameter in the Darcy–Weisbach equation was adjusted as a function of the pressure head by a power-law model. The possibility of using a mean diameter in the Darcy–Weisbach equation was also analyzed. Experimental investigation indicated that the friction factor in the Darcy–Weisbach equation can be accurately described using a power-law model, like the Blasius equation, but characterized by a coefficient a=0.3442 for the Turbo Tape and a=0.3225 for the Silver Tape. The obtained values of a are larger than those generally used and available in the literature. The influence of the operating pressure on the pipe diameter can be neglected for the purpose of calculating the head loss. The two approaches, considering the variation of the diameter with the pressure head and considering an optimum average diameter for the calculation of head loss by the Darcy–Weisbach equation, produce similar results, allowing accurate prediction of head loss. Evaluating the proposed mathematical models, 95% of predictions presented relative errors of head loss smaller than 5%. For the Turbo Tape, the optimum diameter for the purpose of calculating the head loss is 16.01 mm, which is very close to the value indicated by its manufacturer (15.9 mm). For the Silver Drip, the optimum diameter is 15.71 mm, while the manufacturer gives a value of 16.22 mm, which produces considerable error in the calculation of head loss.

No abstract