IntroductionSince the start of the COVID-19 pandemic thousands of people have experienced teleworking and this practice is becoming increasingly commonplace. This review aims to highlight the differences in exposure to psychosocial risk factors for health between part-time and full-time teleworking from home.MethodsThe protocol of the systematic review of the literature was registered on PROSPERO 2020 platform according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. The key words “telework” and “frequency” (“part-time” or “full-time”), together with their synonyms and variations, were searched. Independent researchers conducted the systematic search of 7 databases: Scopus, SciELO, PePSIC; PsycInfo, PubMed, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) and Web of Science. Of the 638 articles identified from 2010 to June 2021, 32 were selected for data extraction. The authors evaluated the risk of bias and quality of evidence of the studies included using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Main themes categorized include 7 dimensions of psychosocial risk factors: work intensity and working hours; emotional demands; autonomy; social relationships at work; conflict of values, work insecurity and home/work interface.ResultsThe results revealed scant practice of full-time teleworking prior to the pandemic. Regarding the psychosocial risk factors found, differences were evident before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For part-time and full-time telework prior to the pandemic, the dimensions of intensification of work and working hours, social relationships at work, and the home-work interface were the most prominent factors. However, studies performed during the COVID-19 pandemic where teleworking was mostly performed full-time, there was an increase in focus on emotional demands and the home-work interface, and a reduction in the other dimensions.DiscussionFull-time telework brings important changes in working conditions and has the potential to affect living and health conditions of teleworkers. Part-time teleworking may have positive impact on psychosocial risk factors, favoring work-home balance, communication, and social relationships.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=191455, PROSPERO 2020 CRD4202019 1455.

Since the start of the Coronavirus pandemic thousands of people have experienced teleworking and this practice is becoming increasingly commonplace. Systematic reviews can yield evidence and information to help inform the development of policies and regulations, the aim of this study was to highlight the differences in exposure to psychosocial risk factors for health between part-time and full-time teleworking from home. The protocol of the systematic review of the literature was registered on PROSPERO 2020 platform - International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (number CRD42020191455), according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. The key words “telework” and frequency (“part-time” or “full-time”), together with their synonyms and variations, were searched. Independent researchers conducted the systematic search of 7 databases: Scopus, SciELO, PePSIC; PsycInfo, PubMed, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) and Web of Science. Of the 638 articles identified from 2010 to June 2021, 32 were selected for data extraction. The authors evaluated the risk of bias and quality of evidence of the studies included using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The results were categorized into 7 dimensions of psychosocial risk factors: work intensity and working hours; emotional demands; autonomy; social relationships at work; conflict of values, work insecurity and home/work interface. The results revealed scant practice of full-time teleworking prior to the pandemic. Regarding the psychosocial risk factors found, differences were evident before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For part-time and full-time telework prior to the pandemic, the dimensions of intensification of work and working hours, social relationships at work, and the home-work interface were the most prominent factors. However, in studies performed during the COVID-19 pandemic where teleworking was mostly performed full-time, there was an increase in focus on emotional demands and the home-work interface, and a reduction in the other dimensions.

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Agradeço aos familiares pelos auxílios e suportes que possibilitaram que eu tivesse condições de ter o ambiente e o tempo necessários na realização das atividades relacionadas à pesquisa. Agradeço à companheira Diala, pela ajuda, estímulo e dedicação aos cuidados da Cecília e pela compreensão delas quanto aos momentos nos quais precisei ausentar-me. Agradecimento especial a minha mãe, Maria de Fátima, pelo incentivo e inspiração permanente e a minha prima, Ana Alice, por impulsionar a minha ida à Universidade do Minho, onde tudo começou. Agradecimentos às colegas Márcia Schüler e Fernanda Zanotti pela iniciativa e incentivo na inscrição do programa de doutorado da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo (FSP-USP), pelo compartilhamento contínuo de ideias sobre a área de conhecimento em saúde do trabalhador e pelos debates permanentes sobre as questões relacionadas às atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Agradeço ao Kleber dos Santos pelas contribuições ao longo de todo o processo de doutorado, pela participação na minha qualificação com apontamentos importantes para o desenvolvimento do tema estudado. Agradeço à colega de doutorado Evelise Antunes. Iniciamos juntos esse processo, compartilhando vivências, desafios e seguimos desenvolvendo um apoio mútuo na realização das pesquisas. Agradecimentos aos professores Frida Fischer, Ildeberto Almeida e à comunidade de docentes da FSP-USP, que tive oportunidade de conhecer durante a realização das disciplinas. Foram atividades que proporcionaram conteúdos relevantes para a organização dos estudos relacionados ao desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Agradeço aos participantes do Fórum AT, ao grupo LM de estudos, ao coletivo ITAPAR e aos colegas da FSP-USP pelas experiências vividas nos vários momentos de debates nesses espaços de conhecimento onde estivemos juntos, estudando. Agradecimentos à Mara Takahashi e à Maria Maeno pela disponibilidade em debater o tema inicial da pesquisa no inicio do doutorado o que posteriormente possibilitou a estruturação deste trabalho.