Purpose. To determine rational technological scheme of extracting mineral resources in the steep excavation layer in non-metallic hard minerals quarries while delivering rock mass from the quarry to the surface processing complex by mobile conveyors' system with crushing complex. Methods. For scientific, theoretical and practical studies we used analytical, graphical and statistical research methods. Findings.Based on previous studies of non-metallic deposits systematization, we worked out a rational technological scheme for extracting mineral resources in the steep excavation layer in non-metallic quarries while delivering rock mass from the quarry to the surface processing complex by mobile conveyor's system with crushing complex. The results of these studies are reflected in identified dependences between parameters of the development system which allowed to determine the efficiency of utilizing the selected technological scheme of extracting mineral resources in the steep excavation layer.Originality. New dependences between parameters of the development system in basic non-metallic quarries have been determined, such as: changes in the general mileage of a front loader related to productivity of quarries and the average distance transportation of minerals related to productivity of quarries.Practical implications. The results of this research will be used for practical applications in the design of mining companies extracting raw materials for production of crushed stone.
In the surface mining of mineral deposits, land resources suitable for agricultural purposes are inappropriately spent in large volumes. When mining deep open pits, overburden rocks are mainly transported to the surface. The optimal solution for reducing the area of disturbed lands is the placement of overburden rocks in internal dumps in the open pit. This is especially suitable when mining a mineral deposit with several open pits where at least one of them is depleted. Therefore, it is important to assess the feasibility of building an internal dump, based on the stability parameters of its slopes and the safe distance for placing mining equipment within its boundaries, which was the focus of this research. Numerical modeling with Slide 5.0 software was used to determine the stability of the dump slope inside the open pit and the safe distance from the upper slope edge for placing mining equipment. This reflected the geomechanical situation occurring within the boundaries of the dump formed in the open-pit field with a high degree of reliability. It was determined that the maximum standard safety factor values of the open-pit slopes are within the limits when the overburden rocks border on the hard bedrock (Ks.s.f ≥ 1.2). Under the condition where the dump slope bordered on sedimentations represented by clays, loams, and sands with a strength of 2–3 on the Mohs scale, the safety factor decreased by 22%. It was determined that the minimum safe distance from the outer contour of the dragline base to the upper edge of a single-tier dump was 15.5 m with a safety factor of 1.21. The maximum safe distance values in the range of 73.5–93 m were concentrated within the boundaries of sections 5–9, with a safety factor from 1.18 to 1.28. When the dragline was located within the boundaries of section 7, the dump construction works should be conducted only if the dump exist for up to 3 years. Based on the identified parameters, on the example of using the ESH-11/70 walking dragline, a technological scheme of its operation was developed with the allocation of safe boundaries for its placement when forming an internal dump. The results obtained are useful for the development of projects for the reclamation of depleted open pits.
The paper represents the studies of the process of carbonaceous raw material gasification. The initial material is represented by bituminous coal of grade H with the carbon (C) content of 79.2-85.3 %. Experimental studies have been used to substantiate the parameters of combustible generator gases (СО, Н2, СН4) output depending on the temperature of a reduction zone of the reaction channel and gas flow velocity along its length. It has been identified that the volume of the raw material input to be used for gasification process changes in direct proportion depending on the amount of burnt-out carbon and blow velocity. The gasification is intensified in terms of equal concentration of oxygen and carbon in the reaction channel of an underground gas generator. The gasification rate is stipulated by the intensity of chemical reactions, which depend immediately on the modes of blow mixture supply. Moreover, they depend directly on the intensity of oxygen supply to the coal mass and removal of the gasification products.
Topical issues of the possibilities for changes in the coal extraction technology in terms of Stepova mine of Lvivvuhillia SE have been highlighted. Analysis of the current state of mining operations has been carried out. Design solutions as for introduction of the coal gasification technology in the life cycle of the mining enterprise has been proposed on the basis of the analytical, experimental, and industrial studies; the technology has been described. Percentage ratio of the output of combustion generator gases (Н2, СО, СН4) has been identified; gas combustion value and efficiency of the process depending on certain changes in the blowing mixture composition supplied into the underground gas generator have been determined. Heat balance of the process of underground coal gasification has been studied making it possible to evaluate its energy balance. The algorithm to determine coal reserves in a mine pillar to be gasified has been proposed. Indices of the output of combustion generator gases from the gasification column have been defined. The relevant issues have been studied of ensuring the possibility of underground coal gasification technology when uncovering the mining extracted area for the underground gas generator operation.
Purpose. Industrial minerals mining technology justification using mobile crushing and screening plants. Methodology. Analytical, statistical, graph analytical methods and experimental research were used on working quarries. Findings. The research made it possible to establish the influence of the migmatites mining technology by mobile equipment on the capacity of the extraction-loading and transport equipment. The following conclusions can be made based on the studies of the complex influence of the factors of the industrial minerals mining technology by mobile equipment on the example of the Odarivsky deposit of migmatites. Using mobile crushing and screening equipment located in the quarry allows for increasing Excavator Productivity for loading crushers' hopper at 16.7% compared to the loading in haulers and increases the productivity of haulers at an average of 25% compared to the cyclic technology in which the crushing and screening equipment is located on the surface, and haulers carry out the transportation of raw material from the quarry. The increase in the productivity of mining transport equipment is achieved due to the absence of downtime of the excavator while waiting for haulers and the maximum use of the vehicle's load when transporting finished crushed stone products with a high bulk density. Originality consists in establishing the peculiarities of industrial minerals mining and establishing the dependences of changes in the productivity of mining transport equipment when using mobile crushing and screening equipment directly on the working sites of the quarry. Practical value. The results of the research made it possible to justify the complex mechanization of the cyclic technology of raw material extraction with the use of mobile crushing and screening equipment for the application in Odarivsk migmatite deposit, which increases the efficiency of the use of extraction and loading equipment and haulers, which ultimately reduces the need for transport equipment and improves the efficiency of the mining as a whole during the industrial minerals mining for the production of aggregates.
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