In order to increase access to formal financial institutions, the Indonesian government has issued various national strategies. However, Indonesia's inclusive financial index is still under other ASEAN countries. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the factors that influence financial inclusion in Indonesia. The microdata from global findex 2014 was carried out in this study by using binary logistic regression analysis. The finding indicates that there is a significant positive relationship between individual characteristics, including financial inclusion, constraints to financial inclusion, utilization of financial services motivation, and loan sources. Since the main targets of financial inclusion are the poor, this finding becomes an essential proposition for policies in the banking sector, that besides the factors of gender, age, education, and type of jobs, income is the primary factor that influences access and utilization of financial services. Mainly regarding loans, increased income will increase the opportunities of the poor to getting loans because only high-income groups have collateral in applying for loans.Abstrak. Untuk meningkatkan akses ke lembaga keuangan formal, pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan berbagai strategi nasional. Namun, indeks keuangan inklusif Indonesia masih di bawah negara-negara ASEAN lainnya. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, kami menyelidiki faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi inklusi keuangan di Indonesia. Data mikro dari global findex 2014 dianalisis dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara karakteristik individu, inklusi keuangan, kendala inklusi keuangan, penggunaan motivasi layanan keuangan, dan sumber kredit. Karena target utama dari inklusi keuangan di Indonesia adalah kelompok masyarakat miskin, maka hasil penelitian ini menjadi masukan yang penting bagi kebijakan di sektor perbankan, bahwa selain faktor-faktor gender, usia, pendidikan, dan jenis pekerjaan, pendapatan menjadi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan inklusi keuangan. Khususnya mengenai kredit, peningkatan pendapatan akan meningkatkan peluang masyarakat untuk mendapatkan pinjaman, karena hanya kelompok berpendapatan lebih tinggi yang memiliki jaminan dalam mengajukan pinjaman.

The growing number of modern grocery stores in Indonesia is a challenge for each grocery store to maintain and increase their number of consumers.

This study aims to analyze the development of the concept of "Cloud Kitchen" or "Dark Kitchen" or "Virtual Kitchen" in DKI Jakarta. In addition, exploration of each brand is carried out so that the potential of each brand can be seen. Empowerment of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) also needs to be considered as one of the motives for cooperation in the concept of "Cloud Kitchen" or "Dark Kitchen" or "Virtual Kitchen" in DKI Jakarta. Actually, the concept of cloud kitchen is not a new thing in DKI Jakarta and its surroundings. Currently, in DKI Jakarta there are at least 7 cloud kitchen players, namely Dapur Bersama GoFood, GrabFood Kitchen, Everplate, Yummykitchen, Kita Kitchen, Telepot, and Eatsii. In the Stars position, the GoFood and Yummykitchen Joint Kitchens are in that quadrant. Meanwhile, in the Question Marks position, there are GrabFood Kitchen, Everplate, Kita Kitchen and Telepot. However, for Eatsii it is still difficult to map considering that it has just established since 2021. The development strategies of these players are varied, one of which is the effort to support the empowerment of MSMEs in DKI Jakarta. The large potential of MSMEs in DKI Jakarta is a strategy for cloud kitchen players to increase their market share and growth potential. However, considering that this research is still qualitative and on desk research, further research is needed.

The availability of student dormitories has become a major attraction for universities in Indonesia since many universities have provided this facility. In this study, we examine the potential of a student dormitory development at the Budi Luhur University, especially in terms of finance for student interests and education providers. Primary data were collected from 185 students and were analyzed by employing feasibility test of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Profitability Index (PI) and Pay Back Period (PP). Sensitivity analysis was also carried out both in terms of cost and income to anticipate the uncertainty that may occur. The findings indicated that the total investment required in the construction of the student dormitory was Rp 155,857,800 with an average revenue per annum of Rp 58,314,741,732. The results of the investment valuation analysis of net cash flows for 30 years indicated the NPV value of Rp 187,355,802,592, IRR of 21%, Net B/C of 10.57, PI of 2.20, and PBP 6.45 years. This proved that the investment in the student dormitory construction was considered feasible. Finally, from the sensitivity analysis of changes in occupancy rate, rental rates and operational costs, it was concluded that the investment in dormitory construction would be unfeasible when occupancy rates and rents were at the level of 80% down. Further managerial implications were discussed.