Increasing hepatitis B vaccination rates for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders is a priority. Laws requiring vaccination prior to school enrollment have helped, yet many youths remain unvaccinated. The Hepatitis B Initiative (HBI), launched in 1997 and operated by public health and medical school students, provides free screenings and vaccinations to Boston's Asian American/Pacific Islander community, with a focus on youths. By October 2002, 997 HBI patients from Boston's Chinatown had received free hepatitis B screenings. Of these, 384 patients (39%) were deemed susceptible to the hepatitis B virus and provided with free vaccination.

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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long history of advancing the traditional Earth science disciplines and identifying opportunities to integrate USGS science across disciplines to address complex societal problems. The USGS science strategy for 2007-2017 laid out key challenges in disciplinary and interdisciplinary arenas, culminating in a call for increased focus on a number of crosscutting science directions. Ten years on, to further the goal of integrated science and at the request of the Executive Leadership Team (ELT), a workshop with three dozen invited scientists spanning different disciplines and career stages in the Bureau convened on February 7-10, 2017, at the USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis in Fort Collins, Colorado. The Department of Interior, and the Nation in general, have a vast array of information needs. The USGS meets these needs by having a broadly trained and agile scientific workforce. Encouraging and supporting cross-discipline engagement would position the USGS to tackle complex and multifaceted scientific and societal challenges in the 21st Century. Crosscutting Issues In workshop discussions, numerous crosscutting issues emerged related to completing well-integrated, interdisciplinary science within the Bureau, and to the importance and difficulty of communicating and delivering science information and products to those who can benefit from them. We want to deliver the right products to the right people at the right time. As we address the grand challenges, we should strive to build internal capabilities, processes, governance, and tools that will continue to improve our ability to deliver trusted and useful science to the Nation. Possible Next Steps We identified possible next steps for each of the grand challenges, but further work will be required to define clear research goals and project strategies. Each grand challenge is well suited to be a topic of a "design charrette," an intensive, collaborative planning effort focused on generating concepts (designs) for solutions to the grand challenge. Workshop participants were enthusiastic about pursuing multiple grand challenges in parallel, creating opportunities to learn through experience and experimentation about the most effective ways to work together to foster integrated science.

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These abstracts have been selected for presentation in 4 sessions throughout the meeting. Please refer to the PROGRAM for more details. BEST ORAL ABSTRACTSMain Sessions | Landtagssaal Friday May 16 | 09:45-10:45 1167 Metabolic profiling using ex-vivo proton magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MAS-MRS) detects myocardial injury in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)Recently, breathing maneuvers have been shown to be associated with a similar vascular response as seen with vasodilatory agents like adenosine. Yet, there has been no data on its potential diagnostic utility in the presence of coronary artery stenosis. In swine, we investigated whether hyperventilation followed by a long breath-hold can detect an abnormal regional response in the presence of coronary artery stenosis. Eighteen anaesthetized swine were prepared with a blood flow probe on the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and a femoral arterial catheter. In ten of these animals, a significant stenosis of the LAD was created with a hydraulic occluder and quantified by measuring the fractional flow reserve (FFR).Background: The cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived native myocardial T1 is decreased in patients with Anderson Fabry disease (AFD) even before left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) occurs and may be a first non-invasive measure of myocyte storage. The relationship of native T1 lowering prior to hypertrophy to other candidate early phenotype markers and its reproducibility as a clinical test are unknown. Methods: sixty-three pts, 34 (54%) female, mean age 43 + 15 years with confirmed (genotyped) AFD underwent CMR, ECG and echocardiographic assessment. LVH was absent in 25 (40%) of the pts. Native T1 mapping was performed with both Modified Look-Locker Inversionrecovery(MOLLI)and ashortenedversion (Sh-MOLLI)sequences ona1.5 Tesla magnet. Twenty-one patients underwent a second scan later on the same day to assess inter-study reproducibility. Results were compared with 63 healthyvolunteersmatched for gender and age. Results: The mean native T1 in AFD (LVH+), (LVH-) and healthy subjects (HS) was 853 + 50ms, 904 + 46ms and 968 + 32ms (for all p , 0.0001), Figure 1. Native T1 assessment showed high inter-study, intra-observer and inter-observer agreement with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) of 0.99, 0.98, 0.97 (ShMOLLI) and 0.98, 0.98, 0.98 (MOLLI). In AFD LVH-individuals, low native T1 was associated with reduced echocardiographicbased global longitudinal speckle tracking strain (-19 + 2% vs -21 + 2%, p ¼ 0.036) and early diastolic function impairment (E/E'¼ 7[6-8] vs 5[5-7], p ¼ 0.045), Figure 2. Conclusion: Native T1 mapping in AFD is a reproducible technique. T1 reduction prior to the onset of LVH is associated with early diastolic and systolic changes measured by echocardiography.