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We tested a theoretically trimmed model of union participation presented by Tetrick, Shore, McClurg, and Vandenberg (2007), in which perceived union instrumentality is expected to influence participation through perceived union support. This testing was accomplished as a precursor to testing a conditional indirect effect model of women's participation--in which perceived union tolerance for sexual harassment was expected to moderate the influence of perceived support on willingness to participate in union activities. In a sample of 326 women from multiple unions, we found support for the conditional model; the influence of perceived instrumentality on willingness to participate through perceived support was moderated by perceived tolerance for harassment; specifically, the influence through perceived support was weak when perceived tolerance was high. The implications of our results are discussed in reference to need support and women's participation.

To aid American union practitioners in the selection of winnable worksites in unionization elections, we identified predictors of union interest from psychological perspectives that bear on the character of American workers. Using perceived union instrumentality as a standard to determine the prediction status of new psychological predictors of union interest, a cognitive version of self-enhancement (overconfidence in rating one's skills and abilities) was found to predict interest above and beyond perceived instrumentality in a sample of American nonunion employees (N=452), controlling for social desirability, demographic and structural predictors, and other hypothesized predictors in a six-step hierarchical regression equation. Implications for selecting winnable election worksites and for predicting psychological aspects of union interest are discussed.

To describe the differences in medication adherence between 2 groups of inmates in the Connecticut Department of Correction diagnosed with bipolar disorder treated with either the Texas Implementation of Medication Algorithm (TIMA) for Bipolar Disorder or treatment as usual (TAU). Using a prospective longitudinal analysis of secondary data and chart data, a comparison was made between participants who were assigned either to TIMA or TAU and treated for 12 weeks for either Bipolar Disorder Type I or II. A secondary data set containing 12 weeks of medication data was combined with medical chart data, including medication administration records, which were retrospectively reviewed to determine numbers of psychotropic and other medications prescribed, number of doses per day prescribed, number of times the medications were taken, any patterns and reasons for missed doses, and side effects experienced. High rates of psychotropic medication nonadherence were observed among female inmates with bipolar disorder, with the mood stabilizers as the most frequently missed medications. Analyses revealed an interaction of Treatment Condition × Baseline Adherence × Time in Treatment × Biweekly Symptom Severity. Regardless of treatment condition, participants exhibiting high baseline adherence exhibited greater decreases in daily adherence over time; in addition, participants at Time 8 (Weeks 7 and 8) and later exhibited poorer adherence if they had more severe symptoms during those weeks. TIMA participants missed fewer doses than TAU participants. Future research is needed to uncover what factors most significantly contribute to psychotropic medication adherence.