The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown restrictions could have adverse consequences for patients with severe mental disorders (SMD). Here, we aim to compare the early psychological impact (depression, anxiety, and stress responses, intrusive and avoidant thoughts, and coping strategies) on people with SMD (
n
= 125) compared with two control groups: common mental disorders (CMD,
n
= 250) and healthy controls (HC, n = 250).
An anonymous online questionnaire using a snowball sampling method was conducted from March 19–26, 2020 and included sociodemographic and clinical data along with the DASS-21 and IES scales. We performed descriptive and bivariate analyses and multinomial and linear regression models.
People with SMD had higher anxiety, stress, and depression responses than HC, but lower scores than CMD in all domains. Most people with SMD (87.2%) were able to enjoy free time, although control groups had higher percentages. After controlling for confounding factors, anxiety was the only significant psychological domain with lower scores in HC than people with SMD (OR = 0.721; 95% CI: 0.579–0.898). In the SMD group, higher anxiety was associated with being single (beta = 0.144), having COVID-19 symptoms (beta = 0.146), and a higher score on the stress subscale of DASS-21 (beta = 0.538); whereas being able to enjoy free time was a protective factor (beta = −0.244).
Our results showed that patients with SMD reacted to the pandemic and the lockdown restrictions with higher anxiety levels than the general public, and suggesting this domain could be a criterion for early intervention strategies and closer follow-up.
Background
Some studies have suggested antipsychotic-naive patients with nonaffective psychosis (NAP) have glucose intolerance.
Aims
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of fasting glucose (FG), two hour values in the oral glucose tolerance test (2HG), fasting insulin concentration (INS), and insulin resistance (IR).
Method
We identified possibly relevant studies, then selected studies, following usual guidelines, with two authors reviewing the manuscripts. We required studies to include subjects with nonaffective psychosis and control subjects.
Results
There were 911 patients and 870 control subjects in the analysis of FG; their average ages were respectively 28.7 and 29.5 years. Significant differences were found for all four variables, with effect size estimates ranging from 0.21 to 0.58.
Conclusions
As a group, at the time of first clinical contact for psychosis, people with NAP have a slight increase in FG, which most of them maintain in the normal range despite a small increase in IR by secreting additional INS. When faced with a physiological challenge such as a glucose tolerance test or antipsychotics, they are no longer able to maintain a normal glucose concentration.
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