<p>La prevalencia de síntomas de trastornos, calidad de sueño y depresión se evaluó en 313 adultos mayores en la ciudad de Monterrey, México con el Cuestionario de Trastornos de Sueño Monterrey, el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica de Yesavage. Los resultados indicaron que los adultos mayores presentaron 50% ronquido, 24% piernas inquietas e insomnio, 44.1% mala calidad de sueño, y 62% síntomas de depresión. Los trastornos de sueño son los que más afectan la calidad de sueño en esta población, por lo que es importante la detección y tratamiento de estos trastornos en los adultos mayores.</p>
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of group hypnotherapy on anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, optimism, and social support during chemotherapy, in patients with breast cancer, compared with a control group with standard medical care. Hypnotherapy consisted of 24 sessions that included suggestions to encourage relaxation, self-esteem, the resolution of past traumatic events, physical healing, and optimism. Results show that the hypnotherapy group significantly decreased anxiety, distress, increased self-esteem, and optimism in the first 12 sessions. However, at the end of the 24 sessions, only self-esteem and optimism remained significant compared with the control group. The convenience of using hypnotherapy to encourage optimism and self-esteem in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy treatment is discussed given its protective effect on health.
Background. Cancer is a chronic disease that significantly affects the quality of life of patients who suffer from it, because they must face stressful situations, including their diagnosis, surgical procedures, and the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.objective. To evaluate the effects of hypnotherapy on breast cancer patients' quality of life during chemotherapy.design. A quasi-experimental design was used with a convenience sample. Method. Two groups of patients with early breast cancer diagnoses were assigned to either a control group that received standard medical care (n = 20), or a hypnotherapy group (n = 20) that received 12 intensive sessions over the course of 1 month, and 12 additional sessions over the course of 6 months. The patients' quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30).Results. The hypnotherapy group showed a statistically significant improvement and a large effect size on the cognitive functioning and social functioning scales compared to the control group. The physical functioning, role functioning, and quality of life scales showed improvement with a medium effect size, but the changes were not statistically significant.conclusion. The improvement observed in the cognitive functioning and social functioning scales allows us to suggest that hypnotherapy improves the quality of life of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy.
Resumen: Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia del estrés y el optimismo sobre la calidad de sueño de mujeres con cáncer de mama. Método: Diseño trasversal correlacional. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh, la Escala de Estrés Percibido y la Escala de Orientación de Vida. Participaron 60 pacientes con cáncer de mama en estadios tempranos, sin metástasis, con una media de edad de 51,4 (±9,3) años. Resultados: Las pacientes obtuvieron una media de 7,5 (±4,4) del Índice de calidad de sueño global, en donde a mayor puntaje indica una mala calidad de sueño, una media de 24,5 (±9,5) para estrés y una media 37,6 (±5,5) para optimismo. Se obtuvo una correlación positiva y significativa entre el estrés y calidad de sueño global (r =0,349, p=0.006), y una correlación negativa y significativa entre optimismo y calidad de sueño (r =-0,524, p=0,001). El optimismo predice la calidad de sueño global en un 25,8%. Conclusión: En mujeres con cáncer de mama en estadios tempranos, la relación entre variables indica que a mayor estrés menor calidad de sueño, menor duración del dormir y más alteraciones de sueño. En cuanto a la variable de optimismo, indica que, a mayor optimismo, mayor calidad subjetiva de sueño, mayor duración, menor latencia de sueño y menos alteraciones del dormir. Por lo tanto, se concluye que, en mujeres con cáncer de mama, el estrés reduce la calidad de sueño mientras que el optimismo la beneficia directamente. Palabras clave: Calidad de sueño; optimismo; estrés; cáncer de mama.[en] The influence of stress and optimism on sleep quality in women with breast cancer Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of stress and optimism on the quality of sleep of women with breast cancer. Method: Cross-sectional correlational design. The instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale, and Life Guidance Scale. Participated in 60 patients with early stage of breast cancer, with no metastasis and an average
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