This study shows how altitude, levels off lowering and squaring, and plant height are associated with the distribution and infestation rate of cotton fields by two mirid bugs, Creontiades pallidus (Rambur) and Campylomma diversicornis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. We also describe the relationship between these mirids and the euphorine parasitoid, Leiophron decifiens (Ruthe) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Cotton field infestation by C. pallidus was negatively correlated with altitude and positively correlated with density of cotton squares and flowers. In contrast, C. diversicornis was present in all sampled fields together with the parasitoid L. decifiens; there were no significant correlations between their presence and altitude. The percentage of parasitism of C. pallidus nymphs by L. decifiens was low in both cotton and alfalfa, ranging between 1.6 and 6.5%.

Özet Çalışmada, Çanakkale ili çilek üretim alanlarında 2017 yılında Drosophila suzukii'nin yayılış alanları ve bulaşıklık oranı belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, çilek üretiminin yoğun olarak yapıldığı Ayvacık ve Yenice ilçelerinde sörvey çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda Çanakkale ilindeki çilek üretim alanlarında ilk defa D. suzukii belirlenmiştir. Sörvey yapılan tüm alanların tamamının zararlı ile bulaşık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çilek üretiminin yapıldığı alanların birbirinden tamamen farklı rakımlara ve özelliğe sahip olması D. suzukii'nin yükseklik farkı gözetmeksizin zarar yapabileceğini göstermiştir. Zararlının olgunlaşan meyvelere yumurta bırakması ve larvaların direkt olarak meyvelere zarar vermesi zararını arttırmaktadır. Çilek hasadının geciktirilmemesi ve zarar görmüş meyvelerin toplanıp imha edilmesi ile zarar oranının azaltılabileceği görülmüştür. Bölgede yetiştirilen çilekler iç piyasada tüketildiği için bu zararlının diğer bölgelere bulaşma kaynağı oluşturmayacağı kanısına varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Çanakkale ili çilek üretim alanlarının zararlı ile bulaşık olması ve istilacı bir tür olması nedeniyle daha ayrıntılı çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir.Anahtar kelimeler: Çanakkale, çilek, bulaşıklık, Drosophila suzukii. Infestation, Distribution Areas of New pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) on Strawberries in Çanakkale ProvincesAbstract Infection and distribution areas of Drosophila suzukii were determined in Çanakkale province in strawberry growing areas in 2017. The studies were carried out in Ayvacik and Yenice districts where strawberry farming was intensively cultivated. At the end of the study, D. Suzukii was determined first time in strawberry fields in Çanakkale province. It has been determined that all areas surveyed are infected with the pest. The fact that the places where strawberry cultivation is made have altogether different altitudes and features, it has shown that D. Suzukii could damage regardless of altitude difference. Laying its eggs fruits and damaging of larvae directly to fruits increase the damage. It has been seen that no delaying the strawberry harvest and collecting and destroying the damaged fruit can reduce the damage rate. Since the strawberry grown in the region is consumed in the inner market, it has come to the conclusion that the pest does not constitute a infection source to the other regions. As a result, more detailed studies are needed in Çanakkale province because the strawberry cultivation areas are contaminated with pest species that is an invasive. In this study, it was determined that the avoidance and preferences of two different earthworm species towards different organic materials mixed with soil were different from those of the E. fetida earthworm species with respect to composted organic material of O. transpadanus earthworm species.

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This study was conducted in the field and the laboratory. Pammene gallicolana was caught in various fruit orchards in light trap and pheromone trap in Çanakkale. In the field studies, totally 23 male and 18 female specimens were collected. Specimens were dissected and male genitalia and wing microscope slides were prepared in the laboratory. We described both the external and genital morphology of the male Pammene gallicolana and diagnostic morphological features in detail. As a result of the study, Pammene gallicolana is a new record for Çanakkale province.

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