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Purpose: We proposed to identify the factors that determine the trends in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation and completion among heterosexual and sexual minority adults. Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 2007 to 2016, we performed chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Heterosexual females initiated vaccination at 23.5% compared with sexual minority females at 34.6% ( p <0.001). Although heterosexual males also had a lower vaccination initiation than sexual minority males (7.7% vs. 15.5%; p =0.12), their completion rate appeared higher (38% vs. 17%; p =0.14). Conclusion: Interventions are needed to enhance support for completion rates of HPV vaccine among sexual minority individuals.